Basic Anatomy

Question 1

Brodmann’s Areas to Know (3)

Answer 1

• 4- primary motor cortex (just anterior to central sulcus); executes voluntary control
• 6- supplementary motor cortex (anterior to 4); plans movement
• 3,1,2 - primary somatosensory cortex (posterior to central sulcus); sensation of touch and pain

Question 2

Ventricles

Answer 2

CSF CAVITIES

- 2 lateral ventricles (paired)
- 3rd ventricle = between the lateral ventricles; all connected by inter ventricular foramen
- 4th ventricle = w/in pons and medulla; below cerebellum but above pons; continuous w/ CSF of SC central canal
    - **Cerebral aquaduct connects 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 3

What makes up the diencephalon?

Answer 3

(form walls of 3rd ventricle)

• Thalamus -relays all sensory info (except nose) to cortex; specific regions for specific info
• Hypothalamus

Question 4

What 4 things do spinal nerves contain?

Answer 4

• Axons of sensory afferent that synapse on DRG
• Axons of motoneurons from ventral horn
• Axons of sympathetic post-ganglionic
• Axons of some parasympathetic pre-gang neurons

Question 5

Where are the enlargements and end of SC?

Answer 5

• Cervical enlargement - for arm motor (C5-T1)
• Lumbar enlargement - for leg motor (L1-S3)
• Ends at conus medularis (L1-L2 vert) —> caudas equina

Question 6

3 Sections of the Dorsal Horn

Answer 6

• Marginal zone
  
  • Substantia gelatinosa
  • Nucleus proprius

Question 7

What are the 2 nuclei specific to the thoracic SC?

Answer 7

• Clarks nucleus

- Interomediolateral nucleus (sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons)

Question 8

Where does each cranial nerve generally emerge from?

Answer 8

I & II - cortex

III & IV - midbrain (above pons BUT 4 comes from dorsal side)

V, VI, VII, VIII - pons

IX, X, XI, XII - medulla