Basic: Globalisation

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

The interconnection which is the intensified movement of goods, money, technology, information, people, ideas and cultural practices across political and cultural boundaries.

Question 2

Colonialism

Answer 2

Where the culture itself is damaged

Question 3

Imperialism

Answer 3

A country which forces its way of doing things on another nations state.

Question 4

Reverse colonialism

Answer 4

The process in which cultural norms and values from non-western societies are conforming into the western ways.

Question 5

Cultural homogenisation

Answer 5

A process where if globalisation continues, the world will become culturally emerged into one

Question 6

Cultural defence

Answer 6

Refers to the idea that as various groups recognise that their cultural practices are at risk due to cultural homogenisation. They protect and reinforce their own culture to ensure they remain distinct.

Question 7

Micro Scale

Answer 7

The individual response to the macro scale.

Question 8

Macro scale

Answer 8

The overall movement of conforming to and following rules.

Question 9

Social intuition

Answer 9

A community where individuals unite. i.e schools.

Question 10

Digital revolution

Answer 10

The massive and rapid advances in technology.

Question 11

Digital social world

Answer 11

Refers to activity online in which people communicate with each other.

Question 12

The Global Village

Answer 12

The world considered as a single community linked by telecommunications.

Question 13

Virtual communities

Answer 13

A social network of individuals who connect through specific social media. i.e Instagram,

Question 14

Media convergence

Answer 14

Having one device that runs several functions from it. i.e a phone could be used to listen to music, watch movies, play games, communicate and more.

Question 15

Social Media

Answer 15

Refers to any form of digitally based platform for making, conforming or developing social networks which have a global reach.

Question 16

GloCalisation

Answer 16

Different countries and regions customise their globalisation.

Question 17

McDonaldisation

Answer 17

Refers to the idea that life is adopting the business practices of the McDonalds fast food chain. This is success through efficiency, calculability, predictability, technological control.

Question 18

Waters (2001) definition of Globalisation

Answer 18

A social process in which the constraints if geography on economics, political, social and cultural arrangements recede and people become increasingly aware of this and at accordingly.

Question 19

Robertson (1992)

Answer 19

Argues that there are 5 historical phases of globalisation:
- Germinal: 1400-1802
-Incipient: 1750-1802
-“Take off”: 1870-1920
-Struggle for Hegemony: 1920s-1960s
-Uncertainty: 1960s-1990s
+Strengths: Gives evidence of when and where these phrases are used.
+Weakness: Doesn’t explain what happened before the “germinal”.

Question 20

Seakbrook (2005)

Answer 20

There are 3 main responses to the process of globalisation:

• Fatalism = the feeling that we are powerless to alter globalisation, that our national identity will be worn away whatever we do.
• Welcoming = the feeling that a global culture will be good for economic prosperity and will make the world more homogenous.
• Resistance = The idea that local identities are maintained or that and national identities or fundamentalisms become stronger.

Question 21

Giddens (2002)

Answer 21

Would agree that globalisation is nit a one way process from western civilisation to the rest of the world.
He suggests that globalisation is now characterised by “reverse colonialism”.

Question 22

Assumptions of Globalisation:

Answer 22

• A positive process.
• Occurs everywhere; at an even pace.
• Results in cultural homogenisation.
• Is only an economic or political or cultural process.
• It results in social changes towards postmodern characteristics such as individualism and choice.

Question 23

Problem with defining Globalisation:

Answer 23

1. Results in marginalisation and exclusion.
2. Occurs different rates in different places.
3. Brought people to spread out all over the world with similar or unique cultural characteristics tighter to protect their rights and culture.
4. Affects all these different areas of social life in different ways.
5. To defend themselves against change, as a form of cultural resistance.

Question 24

Development in digital forms of communication:

Answer 24

• The digital revolution
• The global village
• Virtual communities
• Social media
• Media convergence
• Digital social network
• Network global society