Basic Immunology II

Question 1

Antibody classes

Answer 1

Immunoglobulin M
Immunoglobulin D
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin E

Question 2

largest antibody with molecular weight of 900 000 daltons

Answer 2

immunoglobulin M

Question 3

a pentamer named after its heavy chain “mu heavy chain”

Answer 3

Immunoglobulin M

Question 4

immunoglobulin M binds ____, found on ___ and activates ____

Answer 4

FC receptors, B cell surface, complement

Question 5

first antibody produced during infection, last to leave

Answer 5

immunoglobulin M

Question 6

immunoglobulim m reacts best to what temperature

Answer 6

room temp and/or cold temp

Question 7

monomer found on b-cell surface, blood, and lymph

Answer 7

immunoglobulin D

Question 8

immunoglobulin d: with a delta heavy chain and has a mw of _____ daltons

Answer 8

180,000 daltons

Question 9

second type of IG to appear

Answer 9

immunoglobulin D

Question 10

heat and acid labile, and is susceptible to proteolysis

Answer 10

immunoglobulin D

Question 11

immunoglobulin D is ___ labile and susceptible to ____

Answer 11

heat and acid labile, and is susceptible to proteolysis

Question 12

immunoglobulin A are found in serum as a ____ and secretions as a ___

Answer 12

serum-monomer
secretion-dimer

Question 13

immunoglobulin A: alpha heavy chain with MW of _____ daltons

Answer 13

160,000-400,000

Question 14

2 types of immunoglobulin A

Answer 14

IgA1, IgA2 (dominant in secretions)

Question 15

antibody that protect mucosal surfaces, “major secretory IG” (tears, saliva, milk)

Answer 15

immunoglobulin A

Question 16

major serum immunoglobulin

Answer 16

immunoglobulin G

Question 17

binds FC receptors, activates complement, neutralizes toxins, and enhances phagocytosis

Answer 17

immunoglobulin G

Question 18

main antibody in secondary response

Answer 18

immunoglobulin G

Question 19

can travel to the placenta and protect newborns

Answer 19

immunoglobulin G

Question 20

immunoglobulin G react best at what temp

Answer 20

body temperature

Question 21

a monomer with an extra domain and epsilon heavy chain

Answer 21

immunoglobulin e

Question 22

mw of immunoglobulin e

Answer 22

190,000 daltons

Question 23

least abundant in serum heavy chain of immunoglobulin E

Answer 23

epsilon heavy chain

Question 24

binds to FC receptors of eosinophils for the major basic protein

Answer 24

immunoglobulin e

Question 25

immunoglobulin E is bound to ___ and ____

Answer 25

bound to Mast Cells and Basophils

Question 26

immunoglobulin E is antibody for ____ and ___

Answer 26

allergy (Type 1 hypersensitivity), and parasitic infections

Question 27

plasma cells that produces igE is usually in the ___ and ___

Answer 27

lungs and skin

Question 28

Polypeptide products of activated cells

Answer 28

cytokines

Question 29

Controls cellular response and regulates the immune system (innate and adaptive response)

Answer 29

cytokines

Question 30

cytokines are ____ with multiple activities/effects

Answer 30

pleiotropic

Question 31

binds to target cell receptors, regulate receptor expression in T and B cells

Answer 31

cytokines

Question 32

cytokines influence other ____

Answer 32

cytokines

Question 33

types of cytokines

Answer 33

1. interleukins 2. interferons 3. stem cell factors 4. tumor necrosis factors 5. chemokines

Question 34

non-specific proteins, completes the process of antibody-antigen complex

Answer 34

complement

Question 35

complements are mostly synthesized in the ___

Answer 35

liver

Question 36

complement reacts at ph ___ and at temp of ____

Answer 36

pH 7.2-7.4, temp 30-37C

Question 37

effects of complement

Answer 37

1. chemotaxis 2. lysis of cells 3. mediators 4. opsonization 5. increase vascular permeability

Question 38

3 known pathways of complement

Answer 38

- classical pathway - alternative pathway - lectin pathway

Question 38

participate in the processes of cellular immunity

Answer 38

T-lymphocytes

Question 38

participate in the processes of humoral immunity

Answer 38

b-lymphocytes

Question 39

natural cytotoxicity against cancer cells and virus infected cells

Answer 39

nk-cells

Question 40

composes 60-80% of the circulating lymphocytes

Answer 40

t-cells

Question 41

t-cells lives as immature ___ in the thymus

Answer 41

thymocytes

Question 42

Thymocytes then matures as ___ and actively proliferates by the help of ___

Answer 42

matures as double negative Thymocytes, proliferate by help of Interleukin 7

Question 43

double negative thymocytes mature to

Answer 43

Double Positive Thymocytes (CD4+ and CD8+ cells)

Question 44

"inducer cells," or "CD4+ cells"

Answer 44

T helper cells (th)

Question 45

50-70% of the mature t cells

Answer 45

t-helper cells

Question 46

T helper cells help identify and respond to foreign invaders by recognizing antigens presented by ___ molecules on the surface of Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs).

Answer 46

MHC-II

Question 47

due to expression of IL-12 by dendritic cells, for cell mediated immunity

Answer 47

Th1

Question 48

development regulated by interleukin 4, for antibody mediated immunity

Answer 48

Th2

Question 49

Th2 cells help __ cells produce antibodies

Answer 49

b cells

Question 50

help regulate activity of Th1 and Th2

Answer 50

T regulatory cells

Question 51

Tregs come from __ responsive naive T-cells and are marked by ____

Answer 51

IL-10, CD25+.

Question 52

- Destroys target cells - Kills host cells infected by virus - Kills cancer cells and destroys transplanted tissue

Answer 52

Cytotoxic T-cells (Tc) - “CD8 cells”

Question 53

Cytotoxic T-cells (Tc) - “CD8 cells” produced ____ and targets cells by lysing the target cells

Answer 53

perforin

Question 54

Cytotoxic T-cells Interacts with antigen with ____

Answer 54

MHC-I

Question 55

- Shuts down the immune response - Controls/Inhibit antibody production

Answer 55

T-suppressor cells (Ts)

Question 56

T-suppressor cells (Ts) are with __, ___, and __ markers

Answer 56

CD2, CD3, and CD8 markers

Question 57

- Develops in the bone marrow - With MHC class II

Answer 57

B cells

Question 58

B-cells Matures to ____ to produce antibodie

Answer 58

Plasma cells

Question 59

“Third population”, “Kiss of death”, “Null cells”, “Granular lymphocytes”

Answer 59

Natural Killer Cells

Question 60

Small population of Lymphocytes that does not express markers for T-cells or B-cells

Answer 60

Natural Killer Cells

Question 61

Usually kills virally infected cells and Cancer cells

Answer 61

Natural Killer Cells