Basic Learning and Training

Question 1

How does Pavlovian conditioning work?

Answer 1

It is conditioning a neutral stimulus to have a conditioned response by using the unconditioned response from a unconditioned stimulus.

Question 2

What is an example of Pavlovian conditioning?

Answer 2

Ringing a bell everytime there is food. The food is the unconditioned stimulus that elicits salivation, the unconditioned response. Once the condition is successful, the dog will salivate once they just hear the bell.

Question 3

Pavlovian Conditioning

Why might we want to prevent it from happening (fear conditioning)?

Answer 3

Once they have a fear condition, it is harder to change it to a positive response. In addition, fear can generalize very quickly (1 trial). In addition, this adds stress and can make necessary or common interactions aversive.

Question 4

Why might we want it to explicity happen (conditioning positive CERs)?

Answer 4

It can promote welfare, better outlooks, easier for the owner, less stressful for the animal and promotes better understanding between the dog and owner.

Question 5

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 5

It is using consequences (reinforcers or punishers) to promote or prevent a behavior.

Question 6

What are the four quadrants of operant conditioning?

Answer 6

• positive reinforcer - the presence of something that promotes a behavior
• negative reinforcer - a removed behavior to increase a stimulus
• positive punisher - addition of stimulus that decreases behavior
• negative punisher - removal of stimulus that decreases behavior

Question 7

How do we make our consequences more effective?

Answer 7

• must occur immediately after the behavior
• must be contingent upon the behavior
• must be a large enough magnitude and high enough wuality to be valuable to the animal