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CERT Skills > Basic Life Support > Flashcards

Basic Life Support Flashcards

1
Q

AED

A

Automated External Defibrillator

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2
Q

AP

A

Anteroposterior

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3
Q

BLS

A

Basic Life Support

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4
Q

CCF

A

Chest Compression Fraction

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5
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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6
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram

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7
Q

ED

A

Emergency Department

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8
Q

EMS

A

Emergency Medical Services

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9
Q

LUD

A

Lateral Uterine Displacement

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10
Q

PAD

A

Public Access Defibrillation

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11
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

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12
Q

pVT

A

Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia

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13
Q

ROSC

A

Return of Spontaneous Circulation

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14
Q

T-CPR

A

Telecommunicator-assisted CPR

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15
Q

Only about __% of adult patients with nontraumatic cardiac arrest who are treated by emergency medical services survive to hospital discharge.

A

10

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16
Q

In adults, cardiac arrest is often sudden and frequently results from a cardiac cause. In children, however, cardiac arrest is often secondary to ____________ __________ and _______.

A

respiratory failure; shock

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17
Q

In which locations do most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur?

A

Homes

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18
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for a pediatric out-of-hospital case?

A

1) Prevention
2) Activation of Emergency Response
3) High-Quality CPR
4) Advanced Resuscitation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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19
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for an adult in-hospital case?

A

1) Early Recognition + Prevention
2) Activation of Emergency Response
3) High-Quality CPR
4) Defibrillation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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20
Q

What is the Chain of Survival for an adult out-of-hospital case?

A

1) Activation of Emergency Response
2) High-Quality CPR
3) Defibrillation
4) Advanced Resuscitation
5) Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
6) Recovery

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21
Q

What are agonal gasps?

A

Agonal gasps are involuntary and insufficient respirations that are caused by low oxygen in the blood, also known as hypoxia. This breathing is not normal breathing and indicates that someone is likely dying.

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22
Q

What should be happening while someone is finding a pulse?

A
  1. Someone has activated the emergency response system
  2. Someone has gone to get an AED
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23
Q

Which method should you use to open an airway when you suspect spinal trauma?

A

Jaw Thrust

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24
Q

Compression Rate

A

100-120 per min

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25
Q

Compressions-to-Ventilations Ratio

A

30 compressions to 2 breaths `

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26
Q

What do you do when you need to perform CPR on a pregnant lady?

A

Perform CPR like normal. May do LUD to relieve pressure on major blood vessels if trained

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27
Q

What are the 2 methods to open the airway?

A

Head tilt-chin lift & jaw thrust

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28
Q

What are the rate and depth for chest compressions on an adult?

A

100-120 compressions per minute at a depth of at least 2 inches

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29
Q

Defibrillation means…

A

interrupting or stopping an abnormal heart rhythm by using controlled electrical shocks

30
Q

What are signs of ROSC?

A

Breathing, coughing, or movement and a palpable pulse or measurable blood pressure

31
Q

What are the 2 common placements of AED pads?

A

Anterolateral Placement & AP Placement

32
Q

What are 2 life-threatening shockable rhythms?

A

pVT and Ventricular Fibrillation

33
Q

What is pVT?

A

When the ventricles contract so quickly that there is no pulse

34
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation?

A

When the heart’s electrical activity is chaotic. The heart muscles quiver so rapidly and unsynchronized that the heart does not pump blood

35
Q

In an infant, you check for a _______ pulse.

A

brachial

36
Q

In a child, you check for a __________ or a __________ pulse

A

femoral; carotid

37
Q

The brachial pulse is where?

A

Between the shoulder and elbow

38
Q

The femoral pulse is where?

A

Just below the crease where the leg meets the torso

39
Q

What are signs of poor perfusion?

A
  • Cool temperature
  • Altered mental state (unconsciousness/no response)
  • Weak pulse
    Paleness, patchy appearance, blue lips/skin
40
Q

If you have 2 rescuers what should your compression-to-ventilation ratio be for a 7 year old?

A

15:2

41
Q

What are the 2 compression techniques for an infant?

A

2-finger and 2 thumb-encircling

42
Q

For 2 rescuers which compression technique is best for an 8 month old?

A

2 thumb-encircling

43
Q

True or false: Breaths are not needed for infant/child CPR

A

False, breaths are highly important in any CPR!!!

44
Q

What should the compression depth be for a child?

A

1/3 of their chest (2 inches)

45
Q

What should the compression depth be for an infant?

A

1/3 of their chest (1.5 inches)

46
Q

How should you use an AED on a child>8 years?

A

The same as adults (with adult pads)

47
Q

How should you use an AED on a child<8 years?

A

Use child pads with child shock if available

48
Q

How should you use an AED on an infant?

A

Use a manual defibrillator if available. If not use an AED with child pads, if no child pads are available use adult pads with AP placement.

49
Q

What victim would ONLY need rescue breaths?

A

Someone who has a pulse but is not breathing

50
Q

What can happen when you give rescue breaths with too much force or too quickly?

A

Gastric Inflation

51
Q

How many rescue breaths should you give to an adult?

A

1 breath every 6 seconds

52
Q

How many rescue breaths should you give to a child/infant?

A

1 breath every 2-3 seconds

53
Q

What are opioids?

A

A pain medication that is highly addictive

54
Q

What should you do first if you suspect an opioid emergency?

A

Verify scene safety

55
Q

What are signs of an opioid overdose?

A
  • slow, shallow, or no breathing
  • choking or gurgling sounds
  • drowsiness or loss of consciousness
  • small, constricted pupils
  • blue skin, lips, or nails
56
Q

What drug reverses the effects of opioids?

A

Naloxone

57
Q

Naloxone can be injected 3 ways:

A

Intramuscular, intranasal, and intravenous

58
Q

True or False: Heroin, morphine, and hydracone are ALL types of opioids.

A

True

59
Q

Scenario: Your roommate uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing, but a strong pulse. You suspect an opioid overdose. A friend is calling 911 and looking for a naloxone autoinjector. What should you be doing?

A

Providing rescue breaths: 1 breath every 6 seconds

60
Q

Scenario: You encounter an unresponsive 56 year old women who has been taking hydrocodone for postsurgical pain. She is not breathing and has no pulse. You notice an empty medication bottle near her. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving an AED and naloxone. What should you do next?

A

Begin CPR, starting with chest compressions

61
Q

Every __ seconds a person has a heart attack

A

40

62
Q

True or False: a heart attack is the same thing as a cardiac arrest

A

False

63
Q

A heart attack is a _______ problem and a cardiac arrest is a ________ problem

A

blood flow; rhythm

64
Q

Which of the following populations is most likely to show atypical signs of a heart attack, like shortness of breath and dizziness?
a. white, middle-aged men
b. individuals with diabetes
c. younger-aged individuals
d. people who are overweight

A

b. individuals with diabetes

65
Q

What does F.A.S.T stand for?

A

Face dropping
Arm weakness
Speech difficulty
Time to phone 911

66
Q

How are rescue actions for a cardiac arrest due to drowning different from the rescue actions for a sudden cardiac arrest?

A

Unlike sudden cardiac arrest, the priority in drowning victims is to give the person oxygen

67
Q

Where should epinephrine be injected?

A

On the person’s thigh, about halfway between the hip and the knee

68
Q

Anaphylaxis effects __ or more body systems

A

2

69
Q

What is a stroke?

A

When blood stops flowing to a part of the brain

70
Q

An ischemic stroke is…

A

when an artery in the brain is blocked

71
Q

A hemorrhagic stroke is…

A

when a blood vessel bursts

72
Q

What is the method used for signs of strokes?

A

F.A.S.T

CERT Skills (4 decks)

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