Basic Practices

Question 1

A bright to dark fluid of variable composition curculating throughout the transport vessels of the body

Answer 1

blood

Question 2

color of deoxygenated blood

Answer 2

dark red

Question 3

color of oxygenated blood

Answer 3

bright red

Question 4

causes the red coloring of blood and responsible for carrying oxygen

Answer 4

hemoglobin

Question 5

blood volume

Answer 5

5-6L / 7-8% of body weight

Question 6

composition of blood

Answer 6

55% liquid portion water
95% H20 5% solutes

45% formed elements

Question 7

composition of 5% solutes

Answer 7

proteins, carbs, hormones, vitamins, enzymes, electrolytes, etc

Question 8

RBC is also called

Answer 8

erythrocytes

Question 9

WBC is also called

Answer 9

leukocytes

Question 10

Platelets are also called

Answer 10

thrombocytes

Question 11

Layers of blood when centrifuge

Answer 11

plasma
buffy coat
red blood cell

Question 12

Liquid portion of uncoagulated blood

Answer 12

plasma

Question 13

Liquid portion of coagulated blood

Answer 13

serum

Question 14

color of serum and plasma

Answer 14

clear and pale yellow to slightly hazy

Question 15

protein responsible for clotting

Answer 15

factor 1 or fibrinogen

Question 16

mesh like compund found in serum responsible for clotting

Answer 16

fibrin

Question 17

Function of blood

Answer 17

transport, communication, immunity, coagulation, temperature regulation, hydraulic functions

Question 18

Blood tests

Answer 18

CBC, Chemistry, Blood gas

Question 19

General Methods for Blood collection

Answer 19

venipuncture, arterial puncture, capillary puncture

Question 20

collection of blood from arteries

Answer 20

arterial puncture

Question 21

arterial blood collection us used on what kind of test

Answer 21

blood gas analysis and blood ph determination

Question 22

sites for arterial bkood collection

Answer 22

radialartery, brachialartery, femoralartery, scalpartery, umbilicaltery

Question 23

hardest kind of bleeding to control

Answer 23

arterial bleeding

Question 24

blood collected in venipuncture

Answer 24

venous blood

Question 25

used to prived barrier against venous blood flow

Answer 25

tourniquet

Question 26

dimensions of tourniquet

Answer 26

18-20 inches, 1 inch

Question 27

parts of evacuated tube system

Answer 27

evacuated tube, needle, adapter

Question 28

most common antiseptic

Answer 28

70% isopropyl alchohol

Question 29

most common non alcoholic antiseptic

Answer 29

benzalkonium chloride solution, zephiran chloride

Question 30

bethadine is used in cleaning the area for blood collection when collecting blood for what test

Answer 30

legal blood alcohol level or ethanol testing

Question 31

antiseptics used in a two step procedure with 20-60 second scrub for collecting blood for blood culture

Answer 31

70% isopropyl alcohol 1% to 10% povidone-iodine pads, tincture of iodine, chlorhexdine compunds or another isopropyl alcohol prep

Question 32

another antiseptic used in venipuncture

Answer 32

chlorhexidine gluconate / isopropyl alcohol or providone - 70% ethyl alcohol

Question 33

most common site for venipuncture

Answer 33

superficial veins of the antecubital fossa

Question 34

Two anatomical patterns of veins in the antecubital fossa

Answer 34

H and M pattern

Question 35

H pattern is found in what vein

Answer 35

median cubital vein

Question 36

median cubital vein connects what veins

Answer 36

basilic and cephalic veins

Question 37

it is the best site for venipuncture because it is the largest and the best anchored vein

Answer 37

Median Cubital Vein with H pattern

Question 38

cephalic vein is found where?

Answer 38

lateral aspect of the antecubital fossa

Question 39

basilic vein is found where?

Answer 39

medial aspect of the antecubital fossa

Question 40

what vein is found in the M pattern

Answer 40

median vein

Question 41

which veins are least prioritized for venipuncture, which is the last choice?

Answer 41

cephalic and basilic veins, basilic should be the last choice

Question 42

which artery is near the basicil vein that is why it should be the last choice for venipuncture

Answer 42

brachial artery

Question 43

which nerve is in risk of injury when we choose to extract blood from the basilic and cephalic veins

Answer 43

median nerve

Question 44

The destruction of red blood cells

Answer 44

hemolysis

Question 45

what to avoid when blood collection

Answer 45

hemolysis and lipemia

Question 46

general aspects that causes hemolysis

Answer 46

small needle, over and under filling of tubes, aggressive mixing

Question 47

color of serum or plasma in hemolyzed blood

Answer 47

pink or red

Question 48

average gauge size used for adults

Answer 48

19-22

Question 49

which analytes are present in blood and is released which gives false decrease results when blood is hemolyzed

Answer 49

potassium, creatine, kinase, alanine aminotransferase

Question 50

analytes affected by hemolysis based on color

Answer 50

hemoglobin, bilirubin, and protein

Question 51

what reacts with analytes causing a false decrease, this may occur when testing which compunds

Answer 51

red cell constituents carbon dioxide, thyroxin, and insulin

Question 52

increase lipids in the blood

Answer 52

lipemia

Question 53

color of serum or plasma in lipemia

Answer 53

opaque white

Question 54

what happens to rbc when lipemia happens

Answer 54

becomes fragile

Question 55

FBS

Answer 55

fasting blood sugar