Microbiology Flashcards by 횐호 강

sectors of microbiology

bacteriology, mycobacteriology, mycology, virology

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bacteriology focuses on bacteria with a cell wall

peptidoglycan

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mycobacteriology focuses on bacteria with a cell wall

mycolic acid

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study of fungi

mycology

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study of virus

virology

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specimens used in microbiology

blood and other body fluids, stool, tissues, and swabs

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duties or test performed in microbiology

microscopic visualization of microorganism after staining
isolation and identification of bacteria
antigenic typing
ast
koh test (fungi)

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presumptive tests

gram stain and acid fast stain

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shapes of cocco and bacilli

circle and rectangular

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Organisms that grow in the absence of free oxygen are termed

anaerobes

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an organism able to live and reproduce only in the presence of free oxygen

aerobes

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we use these to isolate and identify bacteria

culture media and biochemical tests

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isolation of bacteria is also termed as

cultivation

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ast

antimcrobial susceptibility testing

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free of lide of every kind

sterile

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process of complete removal or destruction of all forms of
microbial life which may be affected by physical or chemical means

sterilization

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having the property of inhibiting bacterial growth or
multiplication

bacteriostatic

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principle heat and pressure sterilization (autoclave)

121 degrees celcius
15 pounds pressure
15-40 minutes

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having the property killing or destroying bacteria.

bacteriocidal

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chemical or physical agent, usually broad spectrum, that
inactivates microorganisms

biocides

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Chemical biocides

hydrogen peroxide, alcohols, bleach, cycloheximide and
phenols

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Physcial biocides

Heat, Freezing and radiation

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narrower range of antimicrobial activity.

anti infectives

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process of killing or removing microorganisms on
inanimate surfaces thru the use of chemical agents.

disinfection

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a chemical substance used to kill infection producing microorganisms on surfaces but too toxic to be applied directly to tissues.

disinfectant or germicide

a chemical substance which opposes sepsis or putrefaction either by killing microorganisms or by preventing their growth; applied topically to living tissues.

antiseptic

characterized by the presence of pathogenic microbes in living tissue or associated fluids

septic

characterized by the absence of pathogenic microbes

aseptic

the temperature which in a given time destroys all the bacteria present.

thermal death point

minimum time required to kill a suspension of organism at a given temperature in a specified environment.

thermal death time

refers to the time in minutes to reduce the bacterial population or spores by 90% at a specified temperature. It is widely used in food industry.

death reduction time

the prevention of multiplication of microorganisms in formulated products, including pharmaceuticals and foods.

preservation

naturally occurring and synthetically derived organic compounds that inhibit or destroy selective bacteria, generally at low concentrations. Chemical produced by a microorganism that inhibits the growth oof other microorganisms

antibiotics

an organism that does not usually cause a disease in a person with an intact immune system BUT CAN CAUSE DISEASE WHEN THE HOST’S IMMUNE SYSTEM HAS BEEN COMPROMISED BY DISEASE OR ANOTHER CONDITION THAT HAS DAMAGED OR CHANGED THE IMMUNE STATUS

opportunistic pathogens

infections that patients acquire during a course of treatment in a healthcare facility.

hospital acquired infection/ nosocomial infection

acquired by persons not hospitalized within the last year or persons who have not had a medical procedure such as dialysis or catheterization. These are usually skin infections such a boils or abscess.

community acquired infections

rod shaped organisms

bacilli

spherical or round organisms

cocci

-Bacilli with tapered, pointed ends

FUSIFORM

no cell wall

PLEIOMORPHIC

PLEIOMORPHIC bacterias

myoplasma and ureaplasma

spiral shaped

SPIROCHETES

3 spirochetes

borrelia, leptospira, Treponema

the arrangement of bacteria is affected by:

Plane of division Position taken after cell division

PAIRS,diplococci

Neisseria

chains

streptococci

GRAPELIKE CLUSTERS-______________________

staphylococci

GROUPS OF FOUR/ TETRADS-

peptococci

PACKETS OF EIGHT/CUBOIDAL-

sarcine

PALISADES(Slipping) –organisms tend to place themselves side by side CHINESE CHARACTER(Snapping)- organisms tend to bend * at the point of division

corynebacterium

gram positive cocci aerobes

staphy strepto micro

gram positive cocci anaerobes

pepto sarcinae

gram negative cocci aerobes

neifseria moraxella

gram negative cocci anaerobe

veilonella

gram positive bacili aerobe

bacillus corynebacterium listerio nocardia

gram positive bacili anaerobe

clostridium actinomycetes

gram negative bacilli aerobe

escherichia kleosiella enterobacter salmonella shigella serratia

gram negative bacilli anaerobe

bacteroides fusobacterium

contains nutrients and physical growth parameters necessary for microbial growth.

Culture Media

Alkaline Peptone broth

vibrio spp.

Ashdown medium

burkholderia pseudonalle

BCYE agar buffered charcoal yeast extract

legionella

bismuth sulfite agar

salmonella typhi

Bordet Gengou agar

bordetella pertussis

CIN agar cefsulodin irgasan novobiocin agar

Yersinia spp aeromonas spp.

Cetrimide agar

pseudomonas aeruginosa

CAP chocolate agar plate

haemophilus neisseria spp.

CNA Columbia Nolidixic Agar

gram positive cocci

CCFA

clostridium difficile

Czapek’s agar

nocardia asteroides

Dieudonne’s medium

vibrio cholerae

Dubos Oleic Agar

mycobacterium tubercolosis

Hektoen enteric agar

salmonella spp. shigella spp.

Lowenstein Jensen

corynebacterium diphteriae

MacConkey agar

escherichia coli

MacConkey sorbitol

E coli 0157:H7

Martin Lewis agar

Neisseria gonorhoeae

Mueller Hinton agar

AST

Regan Lowe

bordetella pertussis

Skirrow

campylobacter

Thayer martin agar

Neisseria gonorhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis

Todd Hewitt Broth

streptococcus agalactiae

Blood agar plate

determination of hemolitic reactions of streptococci spp.

can reveal the vital information necessary for accurately identifying the genera of various bacteria within a sample.

Biochemical reactions

differentiate staphy to strepto

catalase test

catalase test reagent

hydrogen peroxide

to differentiate staphy spp.

coagulase test

test to see if bacteria can produce dna and urea

DNase test and Urease test

Microbiology Flashcards

(88 cards)