Overview of the Clinical Lab

Question 1

Is a facility for the biological, microbiological serological, chemical immunohematological, hematological, biophysical, cytological pathological, or other examination of materials derived from the human body for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of any disease or impairment of, or the assessment of the health of human beings.

Answer 1

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) of 1988

Question 2

An Act Regulating the Operation and Maintenance of Clinical Laboratories and Requiring the Registration of the Same with the Department of Health, Providing Penalty for the Violation Thereof and for other Purposes

Answer 2

Republic Act No. 4688 Clinical Laboratory Act of 1966

Question 3

Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Licensure and Regulation of Clinical Laboratories in the Philippines.

Answer 3

DOH Administrative Order No. 2007-0027

Question 4

A facility where tests are done on specimens from the human body to obtain information about the health status of a patient for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases;

Answer 4

The Clinical Laboratory

Question 5

A facility where tests are done on specimens from the human body to obtain information about the health status of a patient for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases;

Answer 5

The Clinical Laboratory

Question 6

THE TESTING PROCESS

Answer 6

Collection of the specimen
Testing of the specimen
Releasing of the lab results

Question 7

Other Functions of clinical lab

Answer 7

Provides consultative advisory services covering all aspects of laboratory investigation including the interpretation of results and advice on the further appropriate investigation or system.

Question 8

occurs first in the laboratory process.

Answer 8

Pre-analytical

Question 9

“testing phase” – monitor, evaluate, and maintain this phase for an accurate and precise result.

Answer 9

Analytical

Question 10

The post-analytic phase is the final phase of the laboratory process.
This phase culminates in the production of a final value, result, or the case of histology, a diagnostic pathology report.

Answer 10

Post-analytical

Question 11

Determine the phase

Selection of the assay/test relative to the patient needs

Answer 11

Pre

Question 12

Determine the phase

Implementation of assay/test selection

Answer 12

Pre

Question 13

Determine the phase

Patient identification and preparation

Answer 13

Pre

Question 14

Determine the phase

Specimen collection (blood collection)

Answer 14

Pre

Question 15

Determine the phase

Specimen transport, preparation, storage

Answer 15

Pre

Question 16

Determine the phase

Monitoring of specimen condition.

Answer 16

Pre

Question 17

Enumerate all the pre analytical variables

Answer 17

Selection of the assay/test relative to the patient needs

Implementation of assay/test selection

Patient identification and preparation

Specimen collection (blood collection)

Specimen transport, preparation, storage

Monitoring of specimen condition.

Question 18

Enumerate all the analytical variables

Answer 18

Instrument selection

Equipment selection

Assay/test validation

Laboratory staff competence

External and Internal quality control

Quality control test- run the machine for testing.

Question 19

Determine the phase

Instrument selection

Answer 19

anal

Question 20

Determine the phase

Equipment selection

Answer 20

anal

Question 21

Determine the phase

Assay/test validation

Answer 21

anal

Question 22

Determine the phase

Laboratory staff competence

Answer 22

anal

Question 23

Determine the phase

External and Internal quality control

Answer 23

anal

Question 24

Determine the phase

Quality control test- run the machine for testing.

Answer 24

anal

Question 25

TAT stands for

Answer 25

Turn around time

Question 26

Enumerate all the post-analytical variables

Answer 26

TAT Accuracy and transcription and filing of test results. Content and format of lab report Timeliness in communicating test critical values to patient and physician. *critical value – the value of something that is far away or less than the normal range value.

Question 27

Determine the phase TAT

Answer 27

post

Question 28

Determine the phase Accuracy and transcription and filing of test results.

Answer 28

post

Question 29

Determine the phase Content and format of lab report

Answer 29

post

Question 30

Determine the phase Timeliness in communicating test critical values to patient and physician.

Answer 30

post

Question 31

Determine the phase *critical value – the value of something that is far away or less than the normal range value.

Answer 31

post

Question 32

A laboratory testing unit that moves from the testing site to another testing site or has a temporary testing location. It shall have a base laboratory.

Answer 32

The Mobile Clinical Laboratory

Question 33

Annual Physical Exam for their employees

Answer 33

*Health Caravan

Question 34

offers a variety of testing, and is also involved in Health Caravan, so, it’s considered Mobile Clinical Lab. (example of mobile clinical lab)

Answer 34

“Health First” of UNILAB

Question 35

Any testing site that performs laboratory examinations under the administrative control of a licensed laboratory but performed outside the physical confines of that laboratory.

Answer 35

The Satellite Testing Site

Question 36

An individual doctor's office or clinic wherein laboratory examinations are performed:

Answer 36

THE PHYSICIAN'S OFFICE LABORATORY

Question 37

A diagnostic testing at or near the site of patient care rather than in the clinical laboratory. It includes bedside testing, outpatient, and home care.

Answer 37

Point of Care Testing (POCT)

Question 38

A laboratory in a government hospital designated by the DOH to provide special functions and services for specific disease areas. It may or may not be a part of a general Clinical Laboratory.

Answer 38

THE NATIONAL REFERENCE LABORATORY

Question 39

NRL. for Environmental and Occupational Health, Toxicology and Micronutrient Assay with location

Answer 39

East Avenue Medical Center, Diliman, Quezon City

Question 40

RL for Hematology, including Immunohematology with location

Answer 40

National Kidney and Transplant Institute, Diliman, Quezon City

Question 41

RL for HIV-AIDS. Hepatitis, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (Venereal Diseases) with location

Answer 41

San Lazaro Hospital, Santa Cruz, Manila

Question 42

HIV and AIDS

Answer 42

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Question 43

group of signs and syndromes associated with each other.

Answer 43

syndrome

Question 44

NRL for Anatomic Pathology and Biochemistry with location

Answer 44

Lung Center of the Philippines, Quezon City

Question 45

NRL for Dengue, Influenza, TB and other Mycobacteria, Malaria and other Parasites, Bacterial Enteric Diseases, Measles and other Viral Exanthems, Mycology, Enteroviruses, Antimicrobial Resistance and Emerging Diseases for Confirmatory Testing of Blood Donors and Units

Answer 45

Research Institute for Tropical Medicine

Question 46

The basic commonly requested tests in the laboratory the results of which are not required to be released immediately upon completion it shall follow the usual procedures and systems in the laboratory

Answer 46

Routine Tests

Question 47

Tests done on urgent cases the results of which shall be released immediately within an hour or less after the procedure STAT "sta’tim” - immediately”

Answer 47

The STAT Tests

Question 48

Classification of Clinical Laboratories

Answer 48

By Ownership By Function By Institutional Character By Service Capability

Question 49

Classification by Ownership

Answer 49

Government and Private

Question 50

operated and maintained, partially or wholly, by the national government, a local government unit (provincial city, or municipal, or any other political unit or department. division board or agency.

Answer 50

Government

Question 51

owned, established and operated by any individual, corporation, association, or organization.

Answer 51

Private

Question 52

Example of private laboratories

Answer 52

The Medical City, St. Paul Hospital, St. Luke’s Medical Hospitals

Question 53

Example of government laboratories

Answer 53

Philippine General Hospital, Cagayan Valley Medical Center, Tuguegarao City People's General Hospital, Rural Health Unit

Question 54

Classification by Function

Answer 54

Anatomic Pathology Clinical Pathology

Question 55

includes clinical chemistry, hematology, and immunohematology. microbiology immunology, clinical microscopy. endocrinology, molecular biology. cytogenetics, toxicology, therapeutic drug monitoring, and similar disciplines.

Answer 55

Clinical Pathology

Question 56

includes surgical pathology, immunohistopathology, and cytology.

Answer 56

Anatomic Pathology

Question 57

Classification by Institutional Character

Answer 57

Institution-Based Free-Standing

Question 58

a laboratory that does not form part of any other institution

Answer 58

Free-Standing

Question 59

examples of Free-Standing labs

Answer 59

Immaculate Heart Diagnostic Laboratory. Trimedica Laboratory

Question 60

Example of Institution-Based labs

Answer 60

CVMC Department of Laboratory, RPGMC

Question 61

a laboratory that operates within the premise and as part of an institution, such as but not limited to hospital, medical clinic, school, a medical facility for overseas workers and

Answer 61

Institution-Based

Question 62

Routine Hematology (Complete Blood Count) - includes the hemoglobin mass concentration, erythrocyte volume fraction, leukocyte number concentration, and leukocyte type number fraction; Qualitative platelet count; Routine Urinalysis; Routine Fecalysis; Quantitative platelet count and Blood Typing - if hospital-based

Answer 62

Primary Category

Question 63

Routine Clinical Chemistry - includes blood glucose concentration, blood urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, blood creatinine, and total cholesterol; Cross-matching, Gram-staining, and Potassium Hydroxide Test - if hospital based Example - Tuguegarao City People's General Hospital, Holy Infant Hospital Department of Laboratory, Clinica de Leon Laboratory

Answer 63

Secondary Category

Question 64

Special chemistry; Special hematology, including coagulation procedures; Immunology: Microbiology - culture and sensitivity testing (aerobic and anaerobic if hospital-based); aerobic or anaerobic if non-hospital-based Example - CVMC Department of Laboratory, RPGMC Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Saint Paul Hospital Laboratory Limited Service Capability - provides the laboratory tests required for a particular service in institutions such as but not limited to dialysis centers and social hygiene clinics

Answer 64

Tertiary Category

Question 65

Classification by Sevice Capability

Answer 65

General and Special Clinical Laboratory