What are the three cardinal planes of the body? And what basic prinicpals do they do?
- Sagittal plane, forontal plane, transverse palne
- divide the body into = parts
- lie at right angles to each other
- pass through and intersect with each other at the center of gravity
What is the sagittal plane and what axis does it rotate around, and what actions does it carry out?
- it is a verticle plane that passes through the body in an anteroposterior diretoin that divides the body into left and right parts. also called the anteroposterior plane
- does flex/extension, hyperextension, dorsiflexion/plantar flex
- rotates around the frontal axis
What is the frontal plane, movements, and axis is rotate around?
- verticle plane that passes through the body from side to siude and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
- Does abduction and adduction, ulnar and radial deviation, lateral flexion, inversion/eversion
- Rotates around the sagittal axis
What is the transverse plane and its motions, what axis does it rotate around?
- horizontal plane that passes through the body in an anterior and posterior direction that divides the superior and inferior parts. Motions are ER/IR, pronation and supination
- medial or lateral rotation
- Rotates around a verticle axis
What are the combined planes/axes movements?
- Circumduction: combo of movements: flex, extens, abd, add, performed in a sequence (conical shape in space)
- Horizontal adduction
- Horizontal abduction
- Diagonal adduction
- Diagonal abduction
Translatory VS Rotary movement?
Translatory: object is translated as a whole from one location to another (rectilinear, curvilinear, circular, and reciprocating)
* occurs in the gliding movements of the plane or irregular joints
Roatary: movement occurs about an axis with all parts of thge object moving in an arc
* most joints are this type
Factors of Stability to consider?
- the height of the COG
- size of base of support
- Inclining towards an oncoming force
- friction
- segmentation: as much as possibel the body segements should be centered over the base of support
What are internal forces?
- gravity
- friction
- resistance
What are external forces?
- muscle contraction
- compression: tranlatory force that applies a force on one joint segment toward the other joint segment
- distraction: (reactive)- translatory force that applies a force on one joint segment away from the other joint segment
- Shear: forces that are parallel to body surfaces that may cause shear stress on the materials and strcutires on which they act
- Combined load
