Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Biology > Behavior and Ecology > Flashcards

Behavior and Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior

A

How organisms cope with their environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Instinct

A

An inborn, unlearned behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fixed Action Pattern (FAP)

A

Not simple reflexes and are not conscious decisions but must be completed in response to a certain stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Learning

A

A change in behavior brought by an experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Imprinting

A

Learning of social behavior through senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Critical Period

A

A window of time when the animal is sensitive to certain aspects of the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

Association of a positive/negative result with a neutral stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Associative Learning

A

Using a neutral stimulus to get a result from an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

Trial and error learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Habitutation

A

Learning to not respond to a certain stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Insight

A

The ability to figure out a behavior that generates a desired outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Circadian Rhythm

A

The internal sleep cycle of an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pheromones

A

Chemical signals between members of the same species that stimulate olfactory receptors and ultimately affect behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Agnostic Behavior

A

Aggressive behavior that occurs as a result of competition for foods or resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dominance Hierarchies

A

Occur when members in a group have established which members are the most dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Territoriality

A

A common behavior when food and nesting sites are short in supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Altruistic Behavior

A

Unselfish behavior that benefits another organism in the group at the individual’s expense because it advances the genes of the group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Photoperiodism

A

Plants bloom in response to changes in the amount of daylight and darkness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tropism

A

A turning in response to a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Phototropism

A

How plants respond to sunlight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gravitropism

A

How plants respond to gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Thigmotropism

A

How plants respond to touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the interactions between living things and their environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Biosphere

A

The entire part of the Earth where living things exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Ecosystem
The interaction of living and nonliving things
26
Community
A group of populations interacting in the same area
27
Population
A group of individuals that belong to the same species that are interbreeding
28
Biomes
Large regions within the Biosphere
29
Major Biomes
- Tundra - Taiga - Temperate Deciduous Forest - Grasslands - Deserts - Tropical Rain Forests
30
Tundra Characteristics
- Regions: Northernmost Regions - Plant Life: Few Trees, Grasses, Wildflowers - Characteristics: Permafrost and Short Growing Season - Animal Life: Lemmings, Arctic Foxes, Snowy Owls, Caribou, Reindeer
31
Taiga Characteristics
- Regions: Northern Forests - Plant Life: Evergreens - Characteristics: Very Cold, Long Winters - Animal Life: Caribou, Wolves, Moose, Bear, Rabbits, Lynx
32
Temperate Deciduous Forest Characteristics
- Regions: Northeast/Middle Eastern U.S, West Europe - Plant Life: Deciduous Trees - Characteristics: Moderate Precipitation, Warm Summers, Cold Winters - Animal Life: Deer, Wolves, Bears, Small Mammals, Birds
33
Grasslands Characteristics
- Regions: American Midwest, Eurasia, Africa, South America - Plant Life: Grasses - Characteristics: Hot Summers, Cold Winters, Unpredictable Rainfall - Animal Life: Prairie Dogs, Bison, Foxes, Ferrets, Grouse, Snakes, Lizards
34
Desert Characterstics
- Regions: Western U.S. - Plant Life: Cacti, Other Drought Resistant Flora - Characteristics: Arid, Low Rainfall, Extreme Temperature Shifts - Animal Life: Jackrabbits, owls, kangaroo rats, lizards, snakes, tortoises
35
Tropical Rain Forest Characteristics
- Regions: South America - Plant Life: High biomass, very diverse - Characteristics: High Rainfall and Temperature, Impoverished Soil - Animal Life: Sloths, snakes, monkeys, birds, leopards, insects
36
Producers
Have all of the raw building blocks to make their own food
37
Consumers
Forced to find their energy sources in the outside world
38
Decomposers
The organisms that break down organic matter into simpler products
39
Niche
An organism's position or function in a community
40
Food Chain
Describes the way different organisms depend on one another for food
41
Primary Consumer/Herbivores
Organisms that feed directly feed on producers
42
Secondary Consumers/Carnivores/Omnivores
Feed on primary consumers and plant life
43
Tertiary Consumers
Feed on secondary consumers, primary consumers, and plants
44
10% Rule
In a food chain only 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level
45
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit from a relationship
46
Commensalism
One organism lives off another with no harm done to the other organism
47
Parasitism
One organism harms its host
48
Carrying Capacity
The maximum number of individuals of a species that a habitat can support
49
Population Density
The size of a population
50
Density-Independent Factors
Factors that affect the population regardless of size
51
Density-Dependent Factors
Factors that affect population based on size
52
Exponential Growth
Occurs when a population is in an ideal environment with unlimited resources
53
Logistic Growth
Occurs when a population becomes restricted in size because of limited resources
54
R-Strategists
Produce lots of offspring to ensure survival, very little care to offspring, short life-span, small
55
K-Strategists
Produce few offspring, take care of offspring, long-life span, large, little competition
56
Ecological Succession
Refers to the predictable procession of plant communities over a short period of time
57
Primary Succession
Occurs on bare rock
58
Pioneer Organisms
First organisms to appear in an ecosystem (make soil)
59
Sere
Replacement of organisms over time as they are no longer needed in the ecosystem
60
Climax Community
The final community as a result of succession
61
Secondary Succession
Occurs on soil that is already in place
62
Greenhouse Effect
The increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 through the burning of fossil fuels and forests resulting in the warming of the Earth
63
Ozone Depletion
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) deplete the ozone layer and make organisms more respondent to UV Rays
64
Acid Rain
Sulfur and Nitrogen Dioxide mix with water and precipitate, destroying forests and metals
65
Desertification
Overgrazing by animals turns grasslands into deserts
66
Deforestation
Clearing forests results in heavy erosion, flooding, and changing weather patterns
67
Pollution
Toxins and chemicals released into the environment harm organisms and destroy ecosystems
68
Biomagnification
The increasing effect of pollutants as they move up the food chain
69
Reduction In Biodiversity
More flora and fauna become extinct as habitats are destroyed

AP Biology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions