Behavior and Schools of Thought

Question 1

based on shrewd observations of everyday behavior

Answer 1

Common Sense

Question 2

belongs to the repertoire of insights and skills that each of us develops as a result of everyday learning and experience

Answer 2

Conventional Wisdom

Question 3

etymology of Psychology

Answer 3

Greek words “psych” and “logos” meaning soul or mind and study

Question 4

is the scientific study of behavior and mental process in context

Answer 4

Psychology

Question 5

is a branch of knowledge or study dealing with a body of facts or truths systematically arranged and showing the operation of general laws

Answer 5

Science

Question 6

is everything that we do that can be directly observed.

is any response made by, or any activity of the organism

Answer 6

Behavior

Question 7

Types of Behavior

Answer 7

Overt
Covert
Simple
Complex
Rational 
Irrational
Conscious
Unconscious
Voluntary
Involuntary

Question 8

response or activities that are directly observable, like walking, eating, working, talking

Answer 8

Overt behavior

Question 9

responses or activities that are not directly observable and are only inferred from some behavior actually observed like thoughts, feelings and emotions

Answer 9

Covert behavior

Question 10

actions or responses that a person is naturally aware of

Answer 10

Conscious behavior

Question 11

actions or responses only imbedded in one’s subconscious

Answer 11

Unconscious behavior

Question 12

behavior involving a few number of neurons in the process

Answer 12

Simple behavior

Question 13

behavior which is intricate and involves a greater number of neurons in the process

Answer 13

Complex behavior

Question 14

is the behavior displayed based on “sanity” or reason

Answer 14

Rational behavior

Question 15

acts committed for no apparent reason or explanation

Answer 15

Irrational behavior

Question 16

response done with full volition or will. Freely undertaken

Answer 16

Voluntary behavior

Question 17

processes in the body that go on even while asleep or awake as in respiration, circulation, digestion

Answer 17

Involuntary behavior

Question 18

covert behaviors include thoughts, feelings, motives that each of us experiences privately but cannot be observed directly

Answer 18

Mental processes

Question 19

help us interpret the meaning of a behavior

Answer 19

Inferences

Question 20

analyzed conscious experience into its elements of the mind

Answer 20

Structuralism

Question 21

studies the mind as it functions in adapting the organism to its environment

Answer 21

Functionalism

Question 22

how the nervous system controls the activity of other bodily organs and behavior; what the mind perceives, the body achieves

Answer 22

Functionalism

Question 23

German word which means form, shape and configuration

Answer 23

Gestalt

Question 24

apparent motion

Answer 24

Phi phenomenon

Question 25

unconscious drives

Answer 25

Psychoanalysis

Question 26

expressions of Unconscious Drives

Answer 26

Dreams, Slips of tongue, Mannerisms

Question 27

Techniques used in Psychoanalysis

Answer 27

Hypnosis, Dream Analysis, Free Association

Question 28

believed that overt behaviors are the only behaviors that can be quantitatively and objectively analyzed

Answer 28

John B. Watson

Question 29

denied the existence of instincts or of inborn tendencies; emphasizes learned behavior

Answer 29

Behaviorism

Question 30

studies how people subjectively experience phenomena; their subjective experiences must be taken into consideration

Answer 30

Humanism

Question 31

most recent psychological school; seeks to find out what kinds of thought processes go on in the mind; focus on consciousness and the way the mind processes information

Answer 31

Cognitive PsychologY

Question 32

pioneer of cognitive psyhology

Answer 32

Jean Piaget

Question 33

Central assumption: The structure of the mind is of prime importance; conscious experiences

Answer 33

Structuralism

Question 34

technique of Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 34

Introspection (self report or observation)

Question 35

Central assumption: The uses and functions of the mind are more important than its structure

Answer 35

Functionalism

Question 36

Central assumption: The whole is greater than the sum of its parts

Answer 36

Gestalt Psychology

Question 37

Central assumption: Behavior is controlled by powerful urges of the unconscious

Answer 37

Psychoanalysis

Question 38

Central assumption: Psychology should focus only on observable events and behaviors

Answer 38

Behaviorism

Question 39

Central assumption: Psychology should focus only on uniquely human experiences

Answer 39

Humanism

Question 40

Central assumption: Psychology should focus on how mind acquires, stores and process information

Answer 40

Cognitive Psychology