History of Psychology

Question 1

Abnormal behavior can be explained by the operation of supernatural and magical forces such as evil spirits or the devil

Answer 1

The Ancient Theory

Question 2

removing the evil that resides in the individual through counter magic and prayer.

Answer 2

Exorcism

Question 3

a major practice of driving away the evil spirit that resides in the body

Answer 3

Flogging

Question 4

depriving a person from food and drinks.

Answer 4

Starving

Question 5

Ancient practices

Answer 5

Exorcism
Flogging
Starving
Iron Chair
Cabinet Method
Trephination

Question 6

medium through which spirits communicate with human beings.

Answer 6

Shaman/ Medicine Man

Question 7

a procedure where abnormal behavior is treated by means of forming a hole on the skull.

Answer 7

Trephination

Question 8

urged us to know ourselves.

Answer 8

Socrates

Question 9

encouraged us to use logic to make inferences about the mind as well as to observe behavior systematically

Answer 9

Aristotle

Question 10

anti-intellectualism and belief in magic and witchcraft increased.

Answer 10

Late Middle Ages

Question 11

formulates first theory of personality based on constitutional types

Answer 11

Hippocrates

Question 12

Plato foresees value of differential psychology in The Republic.

Answer 12

Plato

Question 13

Soul is composed of 3 types

Answer 13

Exerts reason (in the head)
Noble impulses (in the heart)
Seat of our own passions (in the diaphragm)

Question 14

proposes three laws to account for association of ideas.

Answer 14

Aristotle

Question 15

3 Functions of the soul:

Answer 15

Vegetative –concerned with basic maintenance of life
Appetitive –concerned with motives and desires
Rational –the governing function located in the heart.

Question 16

declares that the mind is at birth a “tabula rasa” –a blank slate.

Answer 16

John Locke

Question 17

argued that people acquire knowledge from the information about the objects in the world that our senses bring. People begin with simple ideas and then combine them into more complex ones.

Answer 17

John Locke

Question 18

the study of how ideas are form and connected

Answer 18

Associationism

Question 19

established Associationism

Answer 19

David Hartley

Question 20

Ideas originated in experience, entering the mind through the senses and undergoing certain associative operations.

Answer 20

Associationism

Question 21

Father of Modern Psychiatry

Answer 21

Philippe Pinel

Question 22

removes chains from mental patients in France

Answer 22

Philippe Pinel

Question 23

central theme to Philippe Pinel’s etiology (causation)

Answer 23

“moral,” meaning the emotional or the psychological not ethical.

Question 24

begins campaign to improve conditions in mental hospitals in United States and Europe

Answer 24

Dorothea Dix

Question 25

locates specific area of speech in the brain. He discovered that people who suffer damage to a specific part of the brain’s left hemisphere lose the ability to produce fluent speech. This area of the brain became known as the Broca’s area.

Answer 25

Pierre Paul Broca

Question 26

published Hereditary Genius

Answer 26

Francis Galton

Question 27

reported that people with damage to a different area of the left hemisphere lose their ability to comprehend speech. This region became known as Wernicke’s area.

Answer 27

Carl Wernicke

Question 28

emphasizes continuity of mind between animals and men.

Answer 28

Charles Darwin

Question 29

first book of psychology

Answer 29

Principles of Physiological Psychology | -Wilhelm Wundt

Question 30

First Ph.D. in psychology in the United States awarded to

Answer 30

Granville Stanley Hall

Question 31

When did Granville Stanley Hall receive his Ph.D

Answer 31

1878

Question 32

Father of Scientific Psychology | The World’s first Psychologist

Answer 32

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 33

theory of emotion

Answer 33

William James

Question 34

According to this theory, witnessing an external stimulus leads to a physiological reaction. Your emotional reaction depends upon how you interpret those physical reactions. 

Answer 34

theory of emotion

Question 35

Concerned of how the nervous system controls the activity of the other bodily organs and behavior.

Answer 35

Principles of Psychology

Question 36

establishes “Structuralism” as part of psychology in the United States.

Answer 36

Edward Bradford Titchener

Question 37

concerned with the generalized mind, not with individual minds

Answer 37

Structuralism

Question 38

When was the American Psychological Association (APA) was founded by Granville Stanley Hall.

Answer 38

1892

Question 39

becomes the first woman to receive a Ph.D in psychology

Answer 39

Margaret Washburn

Question 40

Law of Effect

Answer 40

Edward Lee Thorndike

Question 41

performs some of the first experiments to discover principles of learning in animals

Answer 41

Edward Lee Thorndike

Question 42

behaviors are more likely to be repeated if they lead to satisfying consequences and less likely to be repeated if they lead to unsatisfying consequences.

Answer 42

Law of Effect

Question 43

Interpretation of Dreams

Answer 43

Sigmund Freud

Question 44

classical conditioning

Answer 44

Ivan Pavlov

Question 45

originates in Max Wertheimer’s paper on Phi Phenomenon (apparent motion)

Answer 45

Gestalt Psychology

Question 46

Perceptions of the mind

Answer 46

Gestalt Psychology

Question 47

Behaviorist

Answer 47

John B. Watson

Question 48

founds school of analytical psychology after differences develop between him and Freud

Answer 48

Carl Gustav Jung

Question 49

collective unconscious

Answer 49

Carl Gustav Jung

Question 50

First group of tests in intelligence--the Alpha and Beta paper and pencil test are devised by

Answer 50

Robert Yerkes (President of APA that time)

Question 51

devises techniques for assessing personality through use of unstructured materials

Answer 51

Herman Rorshach

Question 52

published “The Moral Judgment of Children”

Answer 52

Jean Piaget

Question 53

Operant conditioning

Answer 53

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Question 54

a form of learning described by many behaviourists in which a response increases in frequency as a result of its being followed by reinforcement.

Answer 54

Operant Conditioning

Question 55

client-centered therapy

Answer 55

Carl Rogers

Question 56

that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues.

Answer 56

client-centered therapy

Question 57

feminism

Answer 57

Karen Horney

Question 58

publishes “Childhood and Society”, a psychoanalytic revision of Freud’s views.

Answer 58

Erik Erickson

Question 59

presents the humanistic view, emphasizing the positive potential of the individual.

Answer 59

Abraham Maslow

Question 60

An innate tendency toward growth that motivates all human behavior & results in the full realization of a person’s higher potential.

Answer 60

Self-actualization

Question 61

theory of motivation

Answer 61

Abraham Maslow

Question 62

humanistic approach, importance of self-concept

Answer 62

Carl Rogers

Question 63

publishes "On Becoming a Person"

Answer 63

Carl Rogers

Question 64

social learning theory; self-efficiency/ self-efficacy

Answer 64

Albert Bandura

Question 65

date DSMII was published

Answer 65

1968

Question 66

date DSMIII was published

Answer 66

1980

Question 67

theory of multiple intelligence

Answer 67

Howard Gardner

Question 68

Behaviorists

Answer 68

``` John B. Watson Ivan Pavlov Burrer Fredric Skinner Edward Lee Thorndike Albert Bandura Sidney Bijou ```

Question 69

behavioral therapy, in which positive actions were rewarded and negative behaviors were largely ignored, rather than punished.

Answer 69

Sidney Bijou

Question 70

humanists

Answer 70

Carl Jung, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

Question 71

collective unconscious

Answer 71

animus, anima, shadow, self

Question 72

developer of Binet Intelligence Test

Answer 72

Alfred Binet

Question 73

revised Binet Intelligence Test to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test

Answer 73

Lewis Terman