BIO 11-15

Question 1

Term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate

Answer 1

True-breeding

Question 2

Cross that follows only 2 variations of a single trait

Answer 2

Monohybrid cross

Question 3

A predictable and specific location for a gene on a chromosome

Answer 3

Gene locus

Question 4

Who was the first to study quantitatively inheritance?

Answer 4

Gregor Mendel

Question 5

The result of Meiosis is: (number daughter cells and of chromosome sets)

Answer 5

4 daughter cells with 1 set of chromosome each

Question 6

Name the 6 cases when Mendel’s laws cannot be observed.

Answer 6

Polygenic inheritance, Pleiotropy, Epistasis, Dominance is not always complete, Multiple alleles for one gene, Environmental factor

Question 7

The determination of a characteristic by alleles of two or more genes is called:

Answer 7

Polygenic inheritance

Question 8

How is eye color inherited (type of inheritance)?

Answer 8

polygenic inheritance

Question 9

How do we call the fact that an allele that has more than one effect on the phenotype?

Answer 9

pleiotropy

Question 10

How do we call the interference of a gene with the expression of another gene?

Answer 10

Epistasis

Question 11

What kind of dominance do snapdragons exhibit?

Answer 11

incomplete dominance

Question 12

When there is more than one allele and the heterozygote shows some aspect of the phenotypes of both homozygotes.

Answer 12

Multiple alleles codominance

Question 13

How do we call chromosome pairs that are not sex chromosomes?

Answer 13

autosomes

Question 14

What sex chromosomes does a male bird have?

Answer 14

ZZ

Question 15

What sex chromosomes does a female bird have?

Answer 15

ZW

Question 16

The inactive X chromosome in each cell of a female condenses into a compact object called….

Answer 16

the Barr body

Question 17

If a female is heterozygous for a particular gene located on the X chromosome, she will be a … for that characteristic.

Answer 17

mosaic (half her cells will express one allele and the other half will express the other)

Question 18

Can you ever accept your alternate hypothesis?

Answer 18

NOOOO (Never ever ever)

Question 19

The larger the X squared, the more … is the fit.

Answer 19

imprecise

Question 20

The first solid evidence associating a specific gene with a specific chromosome came from …. an embryologist who studied …

Answer 20

Tomas Morgan, fruit flies (drosophila melanogaster)

Question 21

What are some advantages of fruit flies (why are they the ideal species for geneticists)?

Answer 21

Small size, ease of care, susceptibility to mutations, large size of chromosomes and small number of chromosomes, short generation time

Question 22

What did Morgan show?

Answer 22

That the white-eye mutant allele of fruit flies was located on the X chromosome

Question 23

How is hemophilia inherited?

Answer 23

Sex-linked

Question 24

How is baldness inherited?

Answer 24

Sex-linked

Question 25

How is colorblindness inherited?

Answer 25

Sex-linked

Question 26

If a bird could be bald, which gender would be more affected?

Answer 26

females

Question 27

How is called a female with 3 X chromosomes?

Answer 27

a triple X female

Question 28

How is called the syndrome where a male has two X chromosomes and a Y?

Answer 28

Klinefelter

Question 29

How is called the syndrome where a woman has a karyorype XO?

Answer 29

Turner syndrome

Question 30

How are called XYY males?

Answer 30

Jacob syndrome

Question 31

In a pedigree analysis, males are identified by ...

Answer 31

squares

Question 32

In a pedigree analysis, females are identified by ...

Answer 32

circles

Question 33

Is Huntington's disease a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 33

dominant

Question 34

Is albinism a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 34

recessive

Question 35

Is polydactily a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 35

dominant

Question 36

Is cystic fibrosis a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 36

recessive

Question 37

Is hypercholesterolemia a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 37

dominant

Question 38

Is sickle cell anemia a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 38

recessive

Question 39

Is phenylketonuria a dominant or a recessive allele disorder?

Answer 39

recessive

Question 40

What are the two ways one can investigate a fetus' chromosomes?

Answer 40

Amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling