BIO 9-10

Question 1

The result of mitosis is ___________ (4 words)

Answer 1

Two identical daughter cells

Question 2

Bacteria divide by ___________

Answer 2

Binary fission

Question 3

Bacterial DNA is packaged in a single ___________ (2 words) found in the ___________

Answer 3

Bacterial chromosome, nucleoid

Question 4

This forms when bacterial cells divide in two

Answer 4

Septum

Question 5

All the DNA in a cell constitutes the cell’s ____________ (1 word)

Answer 5

Genome

Question 6

The nucleolus contains dark material called ___________ (1 word)

Answer 6

Chromatin

Question 7

Condensed form of chromatin, form before a cell divides

Answer 7

Chromosomes

Question 8

Array of chromosomes an individual processes

Answer 8

Karyotype

Question 9

Complete set of chromosomes necessary to define an organism

Answer 9

Haploid

Question 10

Set of chromosomes which reflects the equal contribution of each parent

Answer 10

Diploid

Question 11

Maternal and paternal sets of chromosomes are called ___________ (2 words)

Answer 11

Homologous chromosomes

Question 12

Copies of chromosomes; each chromosome is made up of one before DNA replication and two after DNA replication.

Answer 12

Chromatids

Question 13

Two copies of a chromosome which are identical and bonded together

Answer 13

Sister chromatids

Question 14

Two sister chromatids are attached by the ___________

Answer 14

Centromere

Question 15

On the outer portion of the chromatid there is the ___________, which is the site for microtubule attachment

Answer 15

Kinetochore

Question 16

Time between cell division, 90% of cell cycle

Answer 16

Interphase

Question 17

In this step of the cell cycle, the cell grows and new organelles are synthesized extensively (8-10 hours)

Answer 17

G1 Phase

Question 18

Synthesis of DNA and DNA replication occur in this phase of the cell cycle (6-8 hours)

Answer 18

S Phase

Question 19

Cell growth continues in this phase of the cell cycle, microtubules assemble, last-minute adjustments are made (4-6 hours)

Answer 19

G2 Phase

Question 20

This phase involved nuclear division and is separated into 4 phases

Answer 20

Mitotic Phase

Question 21

Exit from the cell cycle, occurs in non-dividing cells e.g. heart cells, brain cells, etc.

Answer 21

G0 Phase

Question 22

First step in mitosis, each chromosome appears as two sister chromatids, nuclear envelope breaks down

Answer 22

Prophase

Question 23

Second step in mitosis, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, mitotic spindle remains attached to centromeres (kinetochore) on chromatids

Answer 23

Metaphase

Question 24

Third step in mitosis, centromeres break and chromatids separate

Answer 24

Anaphase

Question 25

Fourth step in mitosis, nuclear envelope forms around each set of sister chromatids, nucleolus reappears, Golgi complex and ER reform, etc.

Answer 25

Telophase

Question 26

The cleavage of the cell into equal halves

Answer 26

Cytokinesis

Question 27

Constriction of actin filaments produces a ___________ (2 words) in animal cells

Answer 27

Cleavage furrow

Question 28

Plasma membrane forms a ___________ (2 words) between the nuclei in plant cells

Answer 28

Cell plate

Question 29

Body cells

Answer 29

Somatic cells

Question 30

Male or female reproductive cells

Answer 30

Gamete

Question 31

The reduction in the number of pairs of chromosomes from 2 pairs to 1 pair n gametes is accomplished by this process, creates genetic variability in the population

Answer 31

Meiosis

Question 32

Sexual reproduction includes the fusion of gametes (fertilization) to produce a ___________ (2 words)

Answer 32

Diploid zygote

Question 33

Meiosis includes the copying of chromosomes in the S phase, however it has two successive sets of ___________ (2 words)

Answer 33

Cell division

Question 34

This phase is only found in meiosis and results in two daughter cells, replaces interphase between cell divisions

Answer 34

Interkinesis

Question 35

In Meiosis I, genetic recombination, or ___________ (2 words), occurs

Answer 35

Crossing over

Question 36

In Meiosis I - Prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up in ___________ (1 word) to form ___________ (1 word)

Answer 36

Synapsis, tetrads

Question 37

The site of crossing over (Prophase I)

Answer 37

Chiasmata

Question 38

In Metaphase I (Meiosis), microtubules from apposite poles attach to ___________ of each ___________

Answer 38

Kinetochore, homologue

Question 39

Occurs when a pair of homologous fails to separate during Meiosis I or Meiosis II

Answer 39

Nondisjunction

Question 40

Diploid cell, plus or minus a given number of chromosomes

Answer 40

Aneuploidies