Bio 5/5 2

Question 1

What are Mendel’s Principles?

Answer 1

Genes are passed from parents to offspring.

This principle establishes the foundation of inheritance.

Question 2

What defines dominant and recessive genes?

Answer 2

Some genes are dominant and some are recessive.

Dominant genes express their traits even when only one copy is present.

Question 3

How many copies of each gene do parents contribute?

Answer 3

Each parent contributes one copy of each gene.

This results in offspring having two copies of each gene.

Question 4

What is co-dominance?

Answer 4

Both alleles contribute without blending.

Example: Cattle with red hair and cattle with white hair show both colors.

Question 5

What are multiple alleles?

Answer 5

Many genes have more than two alleles.

This increases the genetic variation within a population.

Question 6

What are polygenic traits?

Answer 6

Traits controlled by two or more genes.

Example: Skin color in humans is influenced by multiple genes.

Question 7

What does it mean when alleles are neither dominant nor recessive?

Answer 7

Some alleles are controlled by multiple factors, similar to mixing paint.

This concept highlights the complexity of genetic expression.

Question 8

What is a dihybrid cross?

Answer 8

A cross that involves two traits.

Example: Round yellow seeds and wrinkled green seeds are used in such crosses.