Bio 5/5 5 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What type of plants did Mendel work with?
Pea plants
Pea plants self-pollinate, meaning the pollen fertilizes the egg cells in the same flower.
What is heredity?
Passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
What branch of biology studies heredity?
Genetics
Define traits in the context of genetics.
Specific characteristics such as color that vary from one organism to another
What does phenotype refer to?
The way an organism looks - its physical appearance
What is a genotype?
The gene combination - the genetic makeup
What does homozygous mean?
If two alleles for the trait are the same - TT or tt
What does heterozygous mean?
If two alleles for the trait are different
What did Mendel call the original pair of plants?
P (parental) generation
What is the F1 generation?
The offspring of the P generation
F1 stands for first filial generation (Filius is Latin for son).
Define hybrid in the context of Mendel’s work.
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
What are genes?
Chemical factors that determine traits
What are alleles?
Different forms of genes, e.g., tall or short alleles
What type of plants did Mendel work with?
Pea plants
Pea plants self-pollinate, meaning the pollen fertilizes the egg cells in the same flower.
What is heredity?
Passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
What branch of biology studies heredity?
Genetics
Define traits in the context of genetics.
Specific characteristics such as color that vary from one organism to another
What does phenotype refer to?
The way an organism looks - its physical appearance
What is a genotype?
The gene combination - the genetic makeup
What does homozygous mean?
If two alleles for the trait are the same - TT or tt
What does heterozygous mean?
If two alleles for the trait are different
What did Mendel call the original pair of plants?
P (parental) generation
What is the F1 generation?
The offspring of the P generation
F1 stands for first filial generation (Filius is Latin for son).
Define hybrid in the context of Mendel’s work.
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
