Bio 5/5 3

Question 1

What is a karyotype?

Answer 1

A set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order of pairs

Karyotypes are used to study chromosomal abnormalities and genetic diseases.

Question 2

How many chromosomes does a haploid sperm carry?

Answer 2

23 chromosomes

Question 3

What is the result of fertilization between a haploid sperm and an ovum?

Answer 3

A zygote with 46 chromosomes

Question 4

What does a pedigree chart show?

Answer 4

The relationships within a family

Question 5

Define polygenic traits.

Answer 5

Traits that are controlled by many genes

Examples include the shape of ears or eyes.

Question 6

Which chromosomes are the smallest in humans?

Answer 6

Chromosomes 21 and 22

Question 7

How many DNA bases does Chromosome 22 contain?

Answer 7

43 million DNA bases

Question 8

How many DNA bases does Chromosome 21 contain?

Answer 8

22 million DNA bases

Question 9

What genetic disorders are found on Chromosome 22?

Answer 9

• Leukemia
• Neurofibromatosis

Question 10

Which genetic disorder is located on Chromosome 21?

Answer 10

Lou Gehrig’s disease

Question 11

What are sex-linked genes?

Answer 11

Genes located on the X and Y chromosomes

Question 12

What do the X and Y chromosomes determine?

Answer 12

Sex

Question 13

Provide an example of a sex-linked gene.

Answer 13

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Question 14

Fill in the blank: Chromosome 22 contains _____ million DNA bases.

Answer 14

43

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Chromosome 21 contains _____ million DNA bases.

Answer 15

22