Biology 5/5 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What type of plants did Mendel work with?
Pea plants
Pea plants are known for their ability to self-pollinate.
What is the process where pollen fertilizes egg cells in the same flower called?
Self-pollination
This process ensures that the genetic material comes from the same plant.
What are gametes?
Sex cells
Gametes are involved in sexual reproduction.
Define heredity.
Passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.
What is the branch of biology that studies heredity?
Genetics
What are traits?
Specific characteristics such as color.
What does phenotype refer to?
Physical appearance of an organism.
What is a genotype?
The gene combination or genetic makeup.
What is meant by homozygous?
Two alleles for the trait are the same (e.g., TT or tt).
What does heterozygous mean?
Two alleles for a trait are different.
What did Mendel call the original pair of plants?
P (parental) generation.
What are the offspring of the P generation called?
F1 or first filial generation.
What is a hybrid in genetics?
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.
What are genes?
Chemical factors that determine traits.
What are alleles?
Different forms of genes (e.g., tall or short alleles).
