Bio 5/5 7 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is a karyotype?
A set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in order of pairs
Karyotyping is used to examine chromosome number and structure.
What happens when a haploid sperm fertilizes an egg?
It results in a zygote with 46 chromosomes.
What does a pedigree chart show?
The relationships within a family.
Define polygenic traits.
Traits that are controlled by many genes, such as the shape of ears or eyes.
Which human chromosomes are the smallest?
Chromosomes 21 and 22.
How many DNA bases does Chromosome 22 contain?
43 million DNA bases.
How many DNA bases does Chromosome 21 contain?
22 million DNA bases.
What were the first chromosomes sequenced?
Chromosomes 21 and 22.
Which genetic disorders are found on Chromosome 22?
Leukemia and neurofibromatosis.
Where is Lou Gehrig’s disease located?
On Chromosome 21.
What are sex-linked genes?
Genes located on the X and Y chromosomes.
Give an example of a sex-linked gene.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
What chromosomes determine sex in humans?
X and Y chromosomes.
