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bio chemistry Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

organic vs inorganic compounds

A

organic compounds - hydrocarbons that contain hydrogen AND carbon
inorganic compounds - compounds that do not contain hydrogen and carbon together

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2
Q

formula for carbohydrates

A

CH2O

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3
Q

formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

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4
Q

4 organic compounds

A
  1. carbs
  2. proteins
  3. lipids
  4. nucleid acid
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5
Q

4 most common elements of earth (chon)

A
  1. carbon
  2. hydrogen
  3. oxygen
  4. nitrogen
    (iodine)
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6
Q

4 reasons why water is the most important inorganic compound

A
  1. our body composition is made up of 85% water
  2. where most chemical reactions take place
  3. keeps us at homeostasis
  4. best for solvent molecules
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7
Q

true or false most organisms contain both organic and inorganic compounds

A

true

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8
Q

proteins, starches, and DNA are all what

A

organic compounds

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9
Q

what are carbohydrates made up of

A

sugar compounds made up of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen

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10
Q

what are the ratio of carbohydrates

A

1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen (1:2:1)

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11
Q

define disaccharides + 3 examples

A

2 sugars molecules together (maltose, lactose, trehalose)

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12
Q

define polysaccharides + 3 examples

A

more than two sugars together (Starch, cellulose, glycogen)

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13
Q

define monosaccharide + examples 3

A

one sugar (fructose, galactose, xylose)

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14
Q

what process put two sugars together by removing a water molecule

A

dehydration synthesis

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15
Q

dehydration synthesis equation

A

C6H1206(glucose)+C12H22O11+H20

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16
Q

in dehydration synthesis, the h20 will always be on the

A

right side

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17
Q

anything that ends with an ase is

A

an enzyme needed to start a chemistry reaction

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18
Q

anything that ends with an ose

A

carbohydrate

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19
Q

hydrolysis of a maltose

A

C12H220+H20 –> C6H106+ C6H1206

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20
Q

where is the energy usually stored in a molecule

A

the bonds between the atoms

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21
Q

the glucose molecules are the building blocks of what class macromolecules

A

carbohydrates

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22
Q

can you picture the structure of a carbohydrate

A

if not look over and press 1
https://www.google.com/search?q=structure+of+a+carbo&rlz=1CATRYQ_enUS1126&oq=structure+of+a+carbo&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIHCAEQABiABDIHCAIQABiABDIHCAMQABiABDIHCAQQABiABDIHCAUQABiABDIHCAYQABiABDIHCAcQABiABDIHCAgQABiABDIHCAkQABiABNIBCDI1NzJqMGo5qAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&safe=active&ssui=on

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23
Q

can you picture the structure of a lipid

A

if not look over it and press 1
https://www.google.com/search?q=lipids+structure&sca_esv=c64f92f75d6f9f24&rlz=1CATRYQ_enUS1126&udm=2&biw=1300&bih=699&ei=Zoc-Z_bELMimptQP-7yGoAY&ved=0ahUKEwj2j73sneyJAxVIk4kEHXueAWQQ4dUDCBA&uact=5&oq=lipids+structure&gs_lp=EgNpbWciEGxpcGlkcyBzdHJ1Y3R1cmUyCBAAGIAEGLEDMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAEMgUQABiABDIFEAAYgAQyBRAAGIAESMoaUJ8CWIkacAJ4AJABAJgBugGgAeYFqgEEMTAuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCDaACzwbCAg0QABiABBixAxhDGIoFwgIGEAAYBxgewgIKEAAYgAQYQxiKBcICBxAAGIAEGAqYAwCIBgGSBwQxMi4xoAfrOg&sclient=img&safe=active&ssui=on#vhid=siosuKH1YbZf0M&vssid=mosaic

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24
Q

can you picture the structure of an amino acid

A

yes or no

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25
can the picture the structure of a dipeptide
yes or no
26
chemical formula for a carbohydrate
C12H22011
27
can you picture the structure of a glucose
yay or nay
28
plants store energy such as
starch
29
animals store energy such a as
glycogen
30
plants cell wall are made up of
cellulose
31
3 reasons why plants use glucose
starch synthesis synthesis fat production of energy
32
how to make lipids
3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol
33
can you identify the structure of a glycerol and a fattty acid?
yes or no
34
saturated fats
solid lipids, fats, and waxes (no double bnds can lead to high levels of cholorestrol)
35
unsaturated fats
liquid like oils (has at least one double bond)
36
what is an cholesterol
a compound found in animals that builds up deposits and harden narrow arteries
37
what is the major component of major plasma membranes
lipids
38
more energy can be release from a fat molecule than from a glucose molecules because the fact molecule contains more
chemical bonds
39
amino acids
building structures that make up proteins
40
amino acids consists of
carbon, carboxyl group, amino group, hydrogen
41
can you identify a carboxyl group structure
yes or no
42
can you identify a amino group structure
yes or no
43
what is a peptide
two amino acids together
44
what is a dipeptide
two amino acids bonded together
45
what is a poly peptide
3 or more amino acids together
46
what is a peptide bond
the lines between the peptides that bond the dipeptides together
47
all proteins are considered
POLYPEPTIDES
48
3 main types of proteins
1. enzymes 2. hormones 3. antibodies
49
the order or arrangement of the amino acid chain gives it a different shape, shape determines the amino acid's.......
function
50
how many amino acids are in our bodies
20
51
what are enzymes
protein starters (catalysts) thats needed for chemical reactions to occur
52
can enzymes be used over and over again
yyes
53
what is an active site
the part of the enzyme that does the work (the ridged section of a key)
54
what do enzymes work on
substrates
55
substrate
a surface or material that the organism grows/lives (enyzymes reference)
56
enzyme-substrate complex can also be known as the
lock and key theory, puzzle piece theory,4
57
4 factors that affect the enzymes actions
1. temperature 2. pH 3. substance 4. co enzymes
58
what is denaturation
when an enzyme becomes too hot it changes its shape and doesn't fit the substrate
59
what are co enzymes
not enzymes but helper for the enzymes to perform their function
60
examples of macro molecules (4)
lipids proteins carbs nucleid acids
61
3 enzymes examples
maltase, lipase, protease
62
what substance found in the cytoplasm of an ameba is an organic compound
water
63
is iodine the smallest

biology (10 decks)

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