bio chp 12

Question 1

whats the diploid number for fruit flys

Answer 1

8

Question 2

whats the haploid # for fruit flys

Answer 2

4

Question 3

how many homologous pairs do humans have

Answer 3

23

Question 4

what are the first 22 chromosomes referred to as? what do they do?

Answer 4

autosomes
they take care of all the features of the body

Question 5

what is the 23 chromosome of a human called?
what does it do?

Answer 5

sex chromosomes
determines if baby is male or female

Question 6

what is the xy for male and femlas

Answer 6

males are xy
females are xx

Question 7

what holds the sister chromatids together on a chromosome (the middle)

Answer 7

centromeres

Question 7

why do we need meisosis

Answer 7

allows sexual reproduction of diploid organisms, it enables genetic diversity, and it aids the repair of genetic defects.

Question 8

what does meiosis do to chromosome number in reproduction1

Answer 8

splits chromosome number in half

Question 9

in meiosis 1 what lines up

Answer 9

the homologous pairs

Question 10

what happens in prophase 1

Answer 10

Crossing over. homologoes pairs sometimes overlap and swap sections of dna making unique combo of alleles

Question 11

what lines up in metaphase 1

Answer 11

homologous pairs

Question 12

what happens in anaphase 2

Answer 12

pairs separate to opposite poles not chromosomes

Question 13

As pairs sepearate in anaphase 2 what happens to the alleles

Answer 13

they segragate

Question 14

after anaphase 2 is telophase partial or complete
how many cells are formed

Answer 14

complete and has 4 cells

Question 15

is telophase complete or is it just partial

Answer 15

partial because after it goes right into prophase 2

Question 16

what gets pulled apart during anaphase 2

Answer 16

the sister chromatids the chromosome itself and they go to opposite poles

Question 17

what is spermatogenesis

Answer 17

the process of sperm cell development

Question 18

what is meiosis trying to do
where does it occur

Answer 18

get the diploid number and turn it into haploid
just in the gametes

Question 19

what splits the cells in meiosis

Answer 19

cytokinesis splits the cells

Question 20

what lines up in metaphase 2
what gets pulled apart

Answer 20

chromosome
chromatids

Question 21

what is all the genes for an individdual called

Answer 21

genome

Question 22

what did mendel notice about segragation

Answer 22

segregation happened independantly. independent segregation

Question 22

what is thomas morgan known for

Answer 22

conducting statistical studies of the way genetic traits are passed on in fruit flies

Question 23

how many groups did thomas morgan come up with that were dependant on each other

Answer 23

4

Question 24

what did thomas morgan notice about the 4 groups location

Answer 24

they were located on the same chromosome

Question 24

what is recombimance

Answer 24

he combination of two DNA strands that are constructed artificially.

Question 25

which genes are more likely to do the crossing over. the closer ones or the farther ones

Answer 25

the further away ones. close hardly crossed

Question 26

what are some mutations

Answer 26

down syndrome

Question 27

what is chromosomal mutations

Answer 27

changes in structure and number of chromosomes

Question 28

what are some mutations

Answer 28

deletions,duplications,inversion translocations

Question 29

waht is nondisjunction

Answer 29

when homologous pairs or ssiter chromosomes dont separate properly

Question 30

what is the difference in meiosis 1 and 2

Answer 30

in meiosis 1, homologous chromosomes separate, while in meiosis 2, sister chromatids separate

Question 31

what is a polyploid

Answer 31

when organisms inherit extra sets of chromosomes

Question 32

what is ploidy level

Answer 32

the number of chromosome sets it hasa

Question 33

What is crossing over when does it happen

Answer 33

During propohase 1 of meiosis homologous chromosomes align and exchange genetic info

Question 34

what is a karyotype

Answer 34

an image of the chromosome pairs arranged by size, shape, and pattern

Question 34

what is a pedigree

Answer 34

tools that are used to analyze inheritance

Question 35

what are chromosomal mutations caused by

Answer 35

cuased by changes to the structure or number of chromosomes

Question 36

what are chromosomal mutations caused by

Answer 36

changes to the structure or number of chromosomes.