Bio Test 1

Question 1

sugars

Answer 1

polysaccharides

Question 2

fatty acids

Answer 2

fats, lipids and membranes

Question 3

amino acids

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

nucleotides

Answer 4

nucleic acids

Question 5

prokaryote

Answer 5

lack of membrane bounded organelles

Question 6

eukaryote

Answer 6

membrane bound organelles; plant and animal cells

Question 7

cell

Answer 7

functional unit of life

Question 8

transcription

Answer 8

RNA synthesis

Question 9

translation

Answer 9

protein synthesis

Question 10

abundant elements

Answer 10

Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen

Question 11

essential elements

Answer 11

calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, chlorine, sodium and sulfur

Question 12

protons

Answer 12

have positive charge, in the nucleus

Question 13

electrons

Answer 13

have negative charge and located in the energy levels

Question 14

covalent bonds

Answer 14

bonds with sharing of electrons

Question 15

ionic bonds

Answer 15

exchanging or transferring of electrons

Question 16

hydrophobic force

Answer 16

when a nonpolar molecule tries to bond with polar water, waters bond with each other instead and force the nonpolar molecules to bond together

Question 17

electrostatic attractions

Answer 17

attraction between two oppositely charged molecules; fully and partially charged

Question 18

hydrogen bonds

Answer 18

attraction of the negatively charged atom and positively charged water molecule

Question 19

functions of carbohydrates

Answer 19

direct energy source
energy storage
structural function
cell-cell interaction
regulate white blood cells
enhance white blood cells

Question 20

direct energy source

Answer 20

glucose

Question 21

energy storage

Answer 21

glycogen and starch

Question 22

structural function

Answer 22

chitin, cellulose and chondroitin

Question 23

cell-cell interaction

Answer 23

glycolipids

Question 24

regulate white blood cells

Answer 24

lectin

Question 25

enhance white blood cells

Answer 25

beta-glucan

Question 26

monosaccharides

Answer 26

3 carbons: trioses 5 carbons: pentoses 6 carbons: hexoses

Question 27

isomer

Answer 27

a different spatial arrangement of a molecule

Question 28

isomers of glucose

Answer 28

galactose and mannose

Question 29

sucrose

Answer 29

glucose and fructose

Question 30

lactose

Answer 30

galactose and glucose

Question 31

maltose

Answer 31

glucose and glucose

Question 32

polysaccharides

Answer 32

glycogen, starch and cellulose | more then 50 sugars

Question 33

oligosaccharides

Answer 33

have less then 50 sugars, but at least 3 sugars

Question 34

glycoprotein

Answer 34

protein with oligosaccharide

Question 34

proteoglycan

Answer 34

protein with polysaccharide