Sociology Test 3

Question 1

gender stratification

Answer 1

unequal distribution of wealth, power and privilege between men and women

Question 2

Israeli Kibbutz

Answer 2

settlement where gender equality is a stated goal; share in both work and decision making

Question 3

Margaret Mead’s Research

Answer 3

studied three societies

• found all ppl to be cooperative and sensitive (female)
• found all to be selfish and aggressive (male)
• found males and females, but roles were switched

Question 4

George Murdock’s Research

Answer 4

study on larger scale and found that males and females assign roles reflecting their physical characteristics

Question 5

matriarchy

Answer 5

a form of social organization in which females dominate males

Question 6

patriarchy

Answer 6

a form of social organizations in which males dominate females

Question 7

sexism

Answer 7

belief that one sex is innately superior to the other

Question 8

gender shapes what?

Answer 8

human feelings, thoughts and actions

Question 9

womens traits?

Answer 9

emotional, passive and cooperative

Question 10

mens traits?

Answer 10

rational, active and competitive

Question 11

gender roles

Answer 11

attitudes and activities that a society links to each sex

Question 12

pink-collar jobs

Answer 12

administrative and secretaries

Question 13

glass ceiling

Answer 13

barrier that blocks women’s ability to succeed and move up in corporate world

Question 14

for every dollar a man makes, a women makes only….

Answer 14

77 cents

Question 15

Why do women make less?

Answer 15

• type of work they do
• give more responsibility of parenting to women
• discrimination against women, glass ceiling

Question 16

intersection theory

Answer 16

analysis of interplay of race, class and gender, often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage

Question 17

violence against women

Answer 17

• abuse of women is built into our way of life
• men try to dominate women
• female circumcision

Question 18

sexual harassment

Answer 18

comments, gestures or physical contacts of a sexual nature that are deliberate, repeated and unwelcome

Question 19

structural functional approach to gender

Answer 19

serves as means to organize social life, socialization

Question 20

symbolic interaction approach to gender

Answer 20

affects everyday interaction in a number of ways, sex roles

Question 21

society conflict approach to gender

Answer 21

involves differences not just in behavior but in power too

Question 22

feminism

Answer 22

support of social equality for women and men in opposition to patriarchy and sexism

Question 23

basic beliefs of feminism

Answer 23

working to increase equality
expanding human choice
eliminating gender stratification
ending sexual violence
promoting sexual freedom

Question 24

types of feminism

Answer 24

liberal
socialist
radical

Question 25

liberal feminist

Answer 25

individuals should be free to develop own talents and pursue own interests

Question 26

socialist feminist

Answer 26

change classic family roles by social revolution that creates state-centered economy to meet needs of all

Question 27

radical feminist

Answer 27

society must eliminate gender itself, gender-free society

Question 28

types of female circumcision

Answer 28

``` clitorectomy excision modified infibulation infibulation or pharaonic circumcision - diminish sexual enhancement ```

Question 29

clitorectomy

Answer 29

removal of clitoris

Question 30

excision

Answer 30

removal of clitoris and part of the smaller lips

Question 31

modified infibulation

Answer 31

removal of clitoris, all smaller lips and part of the bigger lips

Question 32

infibulation of pharaonic circumcision

Answer 32

removal of everything, little hole left to pee

Question 33

ritual/symbolic circumcisions

Answer 33

done for religious purposes, no cutting involved rather there is pricking, piercing, cauterizing enhancement of female sexualtiy

Question 34

reasons for circumcision

Answer 34

- way for men to gain mastery of women's sexuality - aesthetically pleasing - religion

Question 35

Janet Lever

Answer 35

looked at how girls and boys play girls-cooperation boys-competition

Question 36

Gilligan

Answer 36

moral reasoning boys- rules girls- responsibility to others

Question 37

what percentage of people in the US beliece that porn causes men to rape due to increased sexual tension and belief that women are sexual beings?

Answer 37

50