Bio Test 5 Takeaways

Question 1

which structure does the spinal cord develop?

Answer 1

neural tube

Question 2

neural tube

Answer 2

ectoderm

Question 3

what causes right shift hemoglobin dissociation curve?

Answer 3

CADET face right; increase in the following
* CO2
* acid
* DPG
* exercise
* temperature

Question 4

lacteals

Answer 4

small lymphatic vessels that take fats to the rest of the body

Question 5

deficiency in lacteals

Answer 5

inefficient absorption of dietary lipids

Question 6

what activates G cells in stomach to secrete gastrin

Answer 6

stomach distension

Question 7

gastrin

Answer 7

stimulates parietal cells and chief cells to produce digestive enzymes

Question 8

filtrate

Answer 8

becomes more concentrated as it flows down loop of Henle as water exits renal tubule

Question 9

filtrate going up

Answer 9

salts are secreted into the surrounding tissues

Question 10

increase in salt secretion results in

Answer 10

increased osmolarity of surrounding tissues

Question 11

where is there an increased osmolarity gradient

Answer 11

longer loop of Henle causing more water to be reabsorbed form the collecting duct
* more concentrated urine

Question 12

virus effeciency of transfer

Answer 12

very efficient due to the natural infectivity of viruses

Question 13

phagocytic cells

Answer 13

• macrophages
• neutrophils
• dendritic cells

Question 14

methods of horizontal gene transfer

Answer 14

• conjugation
• transformation
• transduction

Question 15

conjugation

Answer 15

direct transfer of genetic material between bacteria via a pilus

Question 16

hexokinase

Answer 16

phosphorylates glucose to G-6P

Question 17

isomerase

Answer 17

converts G6P to fructose-6-phosphate

Question 18

phosphofructokinase

Answer 18

phosphorylates fructose-6-phospate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Question 19

gap junctions

Answer 19

allow the passage of ions and small moleules between adjacent animal cells

Question 20

cell membrane components

Answer 20

phospholipids and proteins

Question 21

rough ER

Answer 21

translatoin and folding of new proteins

Question 22

smooth ER

Answer 22

synthesize lipids

Question 23

golgi apparatus

Answer 23

storing, modifying, exporting of proteins

Question 24

nucleolus

Answer 24

synthesis of rRNA

Question 25

lysosome

Answer 25

digestive enzymes, breaks down substances

Question 26

TATA box

Answer 26

squence in many promoter regions that transcription factors can recognize and bind to

Question 27

gel electrophoresis

Answer 27

• small negatively charged molecule travels the furthest and fastests
• large uncharge molecule travels the least and slowest

Question 28

what triggers menstruation?

Answer 28

drop in estorgen and progesterone levels

Question 29

what does sexual reproduction lead to

Answer 29

greater genetic diversity when compared to asexual reproduction

Question 30

H zone

Answer 30

H is a thick letter so contains thick filaments
* myosin

Question 31

nondisjunction in meiosis 1

Answer 31

• disruptive effect on all 4 daughter cells
• two gametes will lack chromose (n-1)
• two gametes will have an extra chromosome (n+1)

Question 32

macrophages

Answer 32

specific and not specific immunity

Question 33

number of chromosomes in 2 daughther cells formed by mitosis

Answer 33

same number of chromosomes as the parent cell