Cells & Organelles

Question 1

nuclear pores

Answer 1

holes in nuclear envelope allowing molecules to travel in and out

Question 2

nuclear lamina

Answer 2

• provides structural suppport to nucleus
• regulates DNA organization, replication, and cell division

Question 3

nucleolus

Answer 3

where rRNA is produced

Question 4

transcription in eukaryotes

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

eukaryotic ribosomal subunits

Answer 5

60s and 40s to make 80s

Question 6

prokaryotic ribosomal subunits

Answer 6

30s and 50s to make 70s

Question 7

where are free floating ribosomes

Answer 7

cytosol

Question 8

rough ER is continuous with…

Answer 8

outer membrane of the nuclear envelope

Question 9

glycosylation

Answer 9

process of adding carbohydrate to a protein

Question 10

smooth ER

Answer 10

synthesize lipids, steriod hormones, detoxify cells which are essential for energy storage, membrane function, and hormone communication

Question 11

cis face

Answer 11

where incoming vesicles enter the Golgi apparatusn

Question 12

trans face

Answer 12

where ER products exit the Golgi apparatus

Question 13

smooth ER

Answer 13

synthesize lipids, steriod hormones which are essential for energy storage, membrane function, and hormone communication

Question 13

glycosylation

Answer 13

process of adding carbohydrate to a protein

Question 13

lysosome

Answer 13

hydrolyzes breaks down substances because designed to function in low pH
* function in apoptosis, breakdown of nutrients, bacteria, and cell debris

Question 14

tonoplast

Answer 14

found in central vacuoles and help maintain cell ridgidity by exerting tugor

Question 15

contractile vacuoles

Answer 15

in single-celled organisms collect and pump excess water out of cell
* prevent cell lysis

Question 16

endomembrane system

Answer 16

group of organells and membranes that work together to modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids entering/exiting

Question 17

organelles in endomembrane system

Answer 17

rough/smooth ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and cell membrane

Question 18

perioxisomes

Answer 18

function to breakdown substances
* generates H2O2 and produces ROS
* contain catalase to breakdown

Question 19

centrosome

Answer 19

contains pair of centrioles

Question 20

microfilaments

Answer 20

made of actin and aid in cell motility

Question 21

microfilament function

Answer 21

1. cleavage furrow
2. cyclosis
3. muscle contraction

Question 22

clevage furrow

Answer 22

during cell division, myosin motors and actin microfilaments from contractile rings that split the cell

Question 23

cyclosis (cytoplasmic streaming)

Answer 23

flow of cytoplasm inside the cell

Question 24

glycosylation

Answer 24

process of adding carbohydrate to a protein

Question 24

smooth ER

Answer 24

synthesize lipids, steriod hormones which are essential for energy storage, membrane function, and hormone communication

Question 25

muscle contraction

Answer 25

actin microfilaments have directionality that contributes to muscle contraction

Question 26

what are microtubule walls made of

Answer 26

tubulin

Question 27

microtubule arrangement in centriole

Answer 27

9 x 3