Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DAT Biology > Reproduction & Developmental Biology > Flashcards

Reproduction & Developmental Biology Flashcards

1
Q

regeneration

A

part of organism breaks off and that part can regenerate or make a new organsims
* fungi do this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

parthenogenesis

A

unfertilized egg develops into viable organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spermiogenesis

A

where haploid spermatids differentiate into mature spermatozoa
* no change in amount of genetic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

spermatogenesis

A

formation of mature spermatozoae
* diploid –> haploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many meiotic divisions do spermatogonia occur?

A

2 meiotic divisions become 4 spermatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

semiferous tubules of testes

A

site of spermatogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sertoli cells

A

activated by FSH; surround and nourish sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what do sertoli cells produce

A

inhibin that acts as negative feedback on FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

spermatogenic cells

A

produce spermatozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

epididymis

A

sperm not yet mature transported here for maturation and storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

movement of sperm

A

seminiferous tubules > epididymis > vas deferens > ejaculatory duct > urethra > penis

SEVEn UP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

seminal vesicles

A
  • secrete fructose
  • viscous mucus
  • prostaglandins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prostate gland

A

alkaline secretions to counteract uterine acidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

cleans and lubricates urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FSH in males

A

stimulates sperm development in seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

LH in males

A

stimulates leydig cells to produce testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

oogenesis step

A
  1. many oogonia produced; small fraction differentiate into primary oocytes that begin meiosis 1 and stop in prophase 1
  2. at puberty: one egg/month ovulates completing meiosis 1 but arrested in metaphase 2 with polar body
  3. if fertilization: meiosis 2 completed
  4. at end of meiosis 2: 2-3 polar bodies and 1 oocyte
18
Q

FSH in females

A

stimulates follicles to develop and production of estrogen and progesterone

19
Q

LH in females

A

ovulation of egg and corpus luteum formation

20
Q

birth control pills

A

produce synthetic estorgen/progesterone inhibiting GnRH through negative feedback preventing cycle from causing ovulation

21
Q

follicular phase

menstrual cycle

A

GnRH > LH and FSH from anterior pituitary > release of estrogen > thickening of endometrium > rapid LH spike > ovulation

22
Q

ovulation

menstrual cycle

A

fimbriae in oviduct catches egg, cilia sweep it into oviduct waiting for sperm

23
Q

luteal phase

menstrual cycle

A

follicle develops into corpus luteum > progesterone > uterine linining thickens in prep for implantation

24
Q

if no implantation

menstrual cycle

A

LH and FSH drop > corpus luteum no longer maintained > progesterone/estrogen drop > endometrium sloughs off (menstruation)

25
Q

if implantation

menstrual cycle

A

outer layer of placenta produces hCG > corpus luteum maintained > progesterone/estrogen maintained

26
Q

type of asexual reproduction in mitochondria/chloroplast

A

binary fission

27
Q

septum in binary fission

A

two copies of DNA to form dividing wall to separate them spliting to create 2 daughter cells

28
Q

haplodiploidy

A

sex determination base on whether organism is haploid/diploid

29
Q

only cells that can undergo mitosis and meiosis

A

germ cells

30
Q

fertilization steps

A
  1. capacitation
  2. acrosomal reaction
  3. polyspermy block
  4. completion of meiosis ll for secondary oocyte
  5. zygote formation
31
Q

capacitation

A

final maturation stage for sperm occuring in female uterus

32
Q

acromosomal reaction

A

recognition process between sperm and egg before they fuse together

33
Q

acromosomal reaction

A
  • recognition between egg and sperm before fusing
  • ensures same-species fertilization
34
Q

vitelline layer

A

layer of glycoproteins that surrounds PM of egg
* known as zona pellucida and jelly coat

35
Q

corona radiata

A

outermost layer of an egg cell
* responsible for nourishment during development

36
Q

types of polyspermy blocks

A

fast and slow block

37
Q

cortical granules function

A
  1. zona pellucida > impenetrable fertilization envelope
  2. stimulate proteases to sever link between zona pellucida and PM
38
Q

blastomere

A

small cells resulting from cleavage

39
Q

types of cleavage

A
  1. radial vs spiral
  2. determinate vs indeterminate
  3. holoblastic vs meroblastic
40
Q

cleavage of deuterostomes and protostomes

A

radial , spiral

41
Q

meroblastic

A

partial cleavage that only happens in parts of the embryo thus entire embryo doesn’t evenly divide

DAT Biology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions