BIO004 - Module 1 Flashcards
(67 cards)
1
Q
- Scientfic study of animal life
A
Zoology
2
Q
- Encompasses all scientific knowledge about animals, their embryonic development, evolution, characteristics and physiology, ecological distribution, and classification
A
Zoology
3
Q
- Early humans began thinking of animals and the proof is in cave paintings
A
Prehistoric time
4
Q
- Humans began to learn to domesticate animals as people became pastoralists and farmers instead of hunter-gatherers
A
Neolithic Revolution
5
Q
- First wrote about the science of biology and was able to classify 540 animal species, but he classified creatures in a ladder or graded scale of perfection, with plants in the bottom and man at the top
A
Aristotle
6
Q
- A Dominican friar and catholic bishop that expanded Aristotle’s work
A
Albertus Magnus
7
Q
Wrote the De Animalibus libre XXVI
A
Albertus Magnus
8
Q
- The most extensive studies of zoological observation
A
De Animalibus libre XXVI
9
Q
- Key-figures of biology and zoology during the Renaissance Era
A
-Leonardo da Vinci
-Carl von Linnaeus
-Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
-Robert Hooke
10
Q
- Dissected animals and humans to perfect his art, but also provided realistic illustrations of animals anatomy
A
Leonardo da Vinci
11
Q
- The Father of Modern Taxonomy and published Systema Naturae
A
Carl von Linnaeus
12
Q
- A basic taxonomy for the natural world and introduced scientific names for all his species
A
Systema Naturae
13
Q
- Contributed greatly to the advances of microscopy and was the first to really discover the microbial world and bacteria
A
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
14
Q
- Best known for discovering the compartments in cork and coiling the term “cells”
A
Robert Hooke
15
Q
- Key-figures of biological sciences during the Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution
A
-Jean-Baptist Lamarck
-Gregor Johann Mendel
-Charles Darwin
16
Q
- Studied taxonomy but classified things by function rather than form known as Lamarckism / Inheritance of Acquired Traits / Use-Diuse Hypothesis
A
Jean-Baptist Lamarck
17
Q
- The Father of Modern Genetics; Discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance, though his work on pea plants
A
Gregor Johann Mendel
18
Q
- A naturalist in Beagle’s voyage to the Galapagos islands where he collected a number of specimens and observations, where his theories on evolution were inspired
A
Charles Darwin
19
Q
- Published the most seminal book in all of biology
A
Charles Darwin
20
Q
- The most seminal book in all of biology
A
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
21
Q
- General properties or common characteristics of life
A
-Chemical Uniqueness,
-Complexity and Organization,
-Reproduction,
-Possession of Genetic Material
-Metabolism,
-Growth and Development,
-Environmental Interaction and Irritability,
-Movement
22
Q
- Living systems demonstrate a unique and complex molecular organization
A
Chemical Uniqueness
23
Q
- All living things are composed of biological macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids/fats)
A
Chemical Uniqueness
24
Q
- Living systems demonstrate a unique and complex hierarchical organization
A
Complexity and Organization
25
24. All living things are complex in all levels, from chemical level to societal level. They have complex molecular/DNA structure, which makes a complex cell structure. All these cells make a complex organism, and this organism also has complex interactions with other organisms
Complexity and Organization
26
25. An organism is well organized, from an anatomical perspective (cells > tissues > organs > organism), and even from a taxonomic perspective (Kingdom > phylum > class > order > family > genus > species)
Complexity and Organization
27
26. All living things can reproduce themselves
Reproduction
28
27. Life does not arise spontaneously, but has to come only from prior life
Reproduction
29
28. Organismal reproduction demonstrates both heredity and variation
Reproduction
30
29. The transmission of traits from parents to offspring
Heredity
31
30. The production of differences among traits
Variation
32
31. The interaction of heredity and variation needs to be balanced because
It is important for evolution to occur over time
33
32. Provides the fidelity of inheritance in the form of DNA
Possession of Genetic Material
34
33. The genetic code is consistent among living forms, providing strong evidence for a single origin of life
Possession of Genetic Material
35
34. Living organisms maintain themselves by acquiring nutrients from their environment, which are used to obtain chemical energy and molecular components for building and maintaining the living system
Metabolism
36
35. The breakdown of complex molecules to form simple ones
Catabolism
37
36. The synthesis of complex molecules from simple ones together with the storage of energy
Anabolism
38
37. Destructive metabolism
Catabolism
39
38. Constructive metabolism
Anabolism
40
39. All organisms pass through a characteristic life cycle
Growth and Development
41
40. An organism characteristics changes from its young form to adult form, usually features changes in size, shape, and differentiation of structures
Growth and Development
42
41. All animals interact with their environments
Environmental Interaction and Irritability
43
42. All organisms respond to environmental stimuli, allowing them to adapt and survive
Irritability
44
43. Life and environment are inseparable
Environmental Interaction and Irritability
45
44. Living systems and their parts show precise and controlled movements arising from within the system
Movement
46
45. The energy they extract from their environment permits them to initiate controlled movement, whether in the form of locomotion (get away from harm, finding food, disperse to another geographic location, etc.) or through growth and reproduction
Movement
47
46. The study of structure of animal bodies
Anatomy
48
47. Study of structure and functions within cells
Cytology
49
48. Study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs
Histology
50
49. Study of diseases, their causes and symptoms
Pathology
51
50. Study of the functions of structures of organisms
Physiology
52
51. Classifications of organisms
Taxonomy
53
52. Heredity
Genetics
54
53. Study of behavior of animals, including man
Psychology
55
54. Study of organisms’ interaction to their environment
Ecology
56
55. Study of developmental stages of animals
Embryology
57
56. Study of fossil organisms
Paleonthology
58
57. Study of animal societies, including man
Sociology
59
58, Study of the geographical distribution of animals
Zoogeography
60
59. Study of parasites
Parasitology
61
60. Study of protozoa
Protozoology
62
61. Study of insects
Entomology
63
62. Study of mollusks
Malacology
64
63. Study of fishes
Ichthyology
65
64. Study of reptiles and amphibians
Herpetology
66
65. Study of birds
Ornithology
67
66. Study of mammals
Mammalogy
