BIO 004 - Module 9

Question 1

Level of complexity: Tissue-organ grade
Free-living forms and parasitic forms
Tripoblastic
Body is flattened dorsoventally

Answer 1

Phylum PLATYHELMINTHES

Question 2

Types of epidermis

Answer 2

Free-living and Parasitic

Question 3

Free-living forms have this

Answer 3

Ciliated cellular epidermis

Question 4

Adult parasitic forms nonciliated body covering

Answer 4

Syncytial tegument/neodermis

Question 5

Resistant to the immune system ang digestive juices of the host

Answer 5

Syncytial tegument

Question 6

Have the ciliated covering similar to free-living form and later shed it once they come in contact with host

Answer 6

Larval parasitic form

Question 7

Found below the epidermis

Answer 7

Muscle fiber

Question 8

Do not have body cavity

Answer 8

Acoelomate animals

Question 9

Fills the space between muscles and organs

Answer 9

Parenchymal cells

Question 10

True or False
Platyhelminthes they have a mouth, a pharynx, and an intestine

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

True or False
Gut is complete: with anus, undigested food is released through the mouth

Answer 11

FALSE

Question 12

Phagocytic cells that digest food

Answer 12

Gastrodermis

Question 13

Flatworms are attracted to food by ________________

Answer 13

Chemotaxis

Question 14

Controls water balance

Answer 14

Osmoregulation

Question 15

Excretory and osmoregulatory organs & appear as networks of dead-end tubules that lack internal openings

Answer 15

Protonephridia

Question 16

Specialized excretory cells located at the
ends of the protonephridia. They have cilia that are arranged to give a “flame” appearance.

Answer 16

Flame cells

Question 17

Collects fluids and mainly has
osmoregulatory function

Answer 17

Collecting ducts

Question 18

Fluids and wastes from
collecting ducts are excreted out the body

Answer 18

Excretory/Terminal pores

Question 19

Most primitive nervous system; resembles nerve net of cnidarians, but with a “brain”

Answer 19

Subepidermal nerve plexus

Question 20

The “primitive brain”; actually a mass of ganglion cells with neurons divided into sensory, motor, and association types

Answer 20

Cerebral Ganglia

Question 21

Head containing the main nervous
and sense organs is present

Answer 21

Cephalization

Question 22

Light sensitive eyespots

Answer 22

Ocelli

Question 23

Tactile cells that form the earlike lobes on the sides of the head of planarians

Answer 23

Auricles

Question 24

For balance/equilibrium

Answer 24

Statocysts

Question 25

Sensing the direction water currents

Answer 25

Rheoreceptors

Question 26

Budding off segments

Answer 26

Proglottids

Question 27

Asexual reproduction of platyhelminthes

Answer 27

Fission

Question 28

Requires 2 individuals to exchange sperm and fertilize their eggs

Answer 28

Cross-filterization

Question 29

Open through a common _________________

Answer 29

Genital pore

Question 30

Free-living Mouth on ventral sides and leads into gut cavity via a pharynx Combine muscular with ciliary movements to achieve locomotion Larger terrestrial turbellarians crawl in the same manner of a snail

Answer 30

TURBELLARIA

Question 31

Flukes Monoecious Mouth is at the anterior/cephalic end Leaflike Endoparasites Larval form: Cercaria

Answer 31

TREMATODA

Question 32

Organs for adhesion for them to hold on to host’s tissues

Answer 32

Suckers

Question 33

2 suckers

Answer 33

Oral sucker and ventral suckers (acetabulum)

Question 34

Mostly parasites Formerly part of Trematoda Cause little damage to their hosts under normal conditions

Answer 34

MONOGENEA

Question 35

Posterior attachment organ with hooks, suckers, and clamps

Answer 35

OPISTHAPTOR

Question 36

“Tapeworms” Parasites in the digestive tract of vertebrates Lack a digestive system Excretory and nervous No special sense organsproglottid is Monoecious; can self or cross-fertilize Produces shelled embryos Proglottids can break off from worm and can still expel eggs

Answer 36

CESTODA

Question 37

The “head”, but not a true head, but just the first segment

Answer 37

Scolex

Question 38

The segmented part, onsisting long chain of proglottids.

Answer 38

Strobila

Question 39

Area just behind scolex where new proglottids are formed.

Answer 39

Germinative Zone

Question 40

Segment of the strobila that are reproductive units

Answer 40

Proglottids

Question 41

Younger proglottids; closer/more proximal to the scolex

Answer 41

Immature Proglottids

Question 42

The middle segments; can start reproducing

Answer 42

Mature Proglottids

Question 43

The middle segments; can start reproducing

Answer 43

Gravid Proglottis

Question 44

Competition with the host’s nutrients

Answer 44

Taeniasis

Question 45

Juvenile tapeworm at a stage in which the scolex is inverted in a sac and only becomes adult tapeworm when in the intestines of the final host

Answer 45

Cysticercus (Blabber worm)

Question 46

Encysted in the muscle tissues and other organs of host

Answer 46

Cysticercosis

Question 47

"flat” and “worm”

Answer 47

platys and helmins

Question 48

Scientific Name: “Blood flukes”

Answer 48

Schistosoma spp.

Question 49

Scientific Name: “Pork tapeworm”

Answer 49

Taenia solium

Question 50

Scientific Name: “Common planarian”

Answer 50

Dugesia spp.