Biochem 1 Flashcards
(70 cards)
1
Q
Acidic conditions in the liver as a result of alcoholism is due to build up of? A. Acetate B. Acetoacetate C. Acid tone D. Beta hydroxybuctyric acid
A
A. Acetate
2
Q
What is quickest to become rancid? A. Coconut oil B. Olive oil C. The fat D. Butter
A
B. Olive oil
3
Q
Which of the following vitamin deficiencies is responsible for xerophthalmia? A. Retinol B. Thiamine C. Riboflavin D. Niacin
A
A. Retinol
4
Q
What leads to ketone body Synthesis? A. increased levels of glucose B. Complete oxidation of fat C. Incomplete oxidation of fats D. Incomplete breakdown of carbohydrates
A
C. Incomplete oxidation of fats
5
Q
A deficiency of HMG CO-A reductase will result in which the following? A. Decrease cholesterol Synthesis B. Increased cholesterol Synthesis C. Decrease fat Synthesis D. Increased fat Synthesis
A
A. Decrease cholesterol Synthesis
6
Q
If a substance contains 30% starch and 10% Maltose 10% Lactose 50% Sucrose what % is glucose, Galactose, Fructose? A. 70, 10, 10 B. 70, 5, 25 C. 60, 30, 10 D. 70, 20, 10
A
B. 70, 5, 25
7
Q
Which of the following vitamins is depleted from the body of a person is taking antibiotics? A. A B. C. C. E. D. K.
A
D. K
8
Q
In the electron transport chain what contains copper? A. Cytochrome C B. Cytochrome A3 C. Cytochrome B D. Coenzyme Q
A
B. Cytochrome A3
9
Q
Which of the following carries fatty acid across the Mitochondrial membrane? A. Malate B. Lysine C. Citrate D. Carnitine
A
D. Carnitine
10
Q
What is required for trans-skeleton reactions? A. B-1 B. B-2 C. B. 3 D. B-6
A
A. B-1
11
Q
In fatty acid biosynthesis which of the following requires NADPH? A. Acetyl Co A dehydrogenase B. Ketoacyl synthase C. Ketoacyl reductase D. Hydratase
A
C. Ketoacyl reductase
12
Q
Which of the following enzymes is the apoenzyme of a holoenzyme? A. Proteins B. Vitamins C. Minerals D. Carbohydrates
A
A. Proteins
13
Q
Which of the following is a low molecular weight substance that has to abide with another substance to be active?
A. Zymogen
B. Epimer
C. Ligand
A
B. Epimer
14
Q
Which the following affects growth factor? A. Zinc B. Selenium C. Vitamin C. D. Vitamin E.
A
A. Zinc
15
Q
In which process is glucose converted to a Monosaccharide phosphate? A. Glycogenolysis B. Glycogensis C. Glycolysis D. Gluconeogenesis
A
A. Glycogenolysis
16
Q
What is an isomere of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? A. Dyhydroacetone phosphate B. Fructose-6-phosphate C. Glucose-6-phosphate D. Pyruvate
A
A. Dyhydroacetone phosphate
17
Q
Gluconeogenesis with lipolysis but no protein synthesis will lead to? A. Starvation B. Being well fed C. High glucose levels D. High-fat levels
A
A. Starvation
18
Q
Which of the following states produces the most fatty acids? A. Starvation B. High carbohydrate diet C. High fatty diet D. High protein diet
A
B. High carbohydrate diet
19
Q
After Glycogen has been depleted from the body what is the source of carbon? A. Proteins B. Ketones C. Dietary fats D. Endogenous fats
A
A. Proteins
20
Q
Which the following has the highest energy compound? A. AMP B. Creatinine phosphate C. Glucose-6-phosphate D. ATP
A
B. Creatinine phosphate
21
Q
Which of the following is a negative allosteric inhibitor? A. Inorganic phosphate B. ATP C. AMP D. ADP
A
B. ATP
22
Q
What substance supplies the main fuel to the brain? A. Ketones B. Proteins C. Fat D. Glucose
A
D. Glucose
23
Q
Sucrose is made from the combination of what & what? A. Glucose & lactose B. Glucose & fructose C. Glucose & glucose D. Glucose & Galactose
A
B. Glucose & fructose
24
Q
Which of the following vitamins is lethal in high doses? E. Vitamin C. F. Vitamin D. G. Vitamin B6 H. Vitamin B3
A
F. Vitamin D
25
With the following is a function of enzyme?
A. Decrease the activation energy
B. Decreased rate of reaction
C. Consumed in reaction
D. The catalyce reaction ray product is converted to a substrate
A. Decrease the activation energy
26
```
Which of the following does not contain both an acidic and basic component?
A. Alanine
B. Glutamic acid
C. Citrate
D. Aspartate
```
A. Alanine
27
```
Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?
A. Linolenic acid
B. Palmitic acid
C. Oleic acid
D. Stealic acid
```
A. Linolenic acid
28
```
Which of the following is a precursor to prostaglandin’s?
A. Ecosanoids
B. Steroids
C. Glycolipids
D. Triacylglycerols
```
A. Ecosanoids
29
```
Which of the following indicates that an amino acid is nonessential?
A. Inability of body to synthesize it
B. Ability of body to synthesize it
C. Can be obtained from food
D. Body does not need it for function
```
B. Ability of body to synthesize it
30
```
Which of the following is a pyrimidine?
A. Adenine
B. Guanine
C. Uracil
D. Alanine
```
C. Uracil
31
```
Which of the following is a purine?
A. Guanine
B. Cytosine
C. Thynine
D. Uracil
```
A. Guanine
32
```
Which of the following is a branch chain amino acid?
A. Leucine
B. Phenyalanine
C. Tyrosine
D. Tryptophan
```
A. Leucine
33
```
Which of the following is a precursor to melatonin?
A. Serotonin
B. Lysine
C. Niacin
D. Phenylalanine
```
A. Serotonin
34
```
Which of the following has a non-polar side chain?
A. Glutamine
B. Serine
C. Alanine
D. Asparagines
```
C. Alanine
35
```
Which of the following bonds are found in secondary protein structures?
A. Peptide
B. H
C. S
D. Ester
```
B. H
36
```
Which of the following is a pentose?
A. Glucose
B. Ribose
C. Fructose
D. Galactose
```
C. Fructose
37
```
Which of the following bonds are found in lipids?
A. Peptide
B. Disulfate
C. Ester
D. H
```
C. Ester
38
```
Decarboxylation of acetoacetate yields what?
E. Acetone
F. Acetate
G. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
H. HMG-Coa
```
E. Acetone
39
The reason that the TCA cycle cannot proceed under anaerobic conditions?
A. Cannot regenerate NADPH
B. Cannot regenerate NAD & FAD w/o O2
C. Cannot perform substrate level phosphroylation.
D. There’s no seal to available for ETC
B. Cannot regenerate NAD & FAD w/o O2
40
```
The most efficient amount protein is in?
A. Eggs
B. Peas
C. Beef
D. Peanuts
```
A. Eggs
41
```
Breakdown of what yields urea?
A. CHO
B. Cholesterol
C. Purine
D. Protein
```
D. Protein
42
```
The most abundant polar compound of a cell membrane is?
A. Phosphate portion of phospholipid
B. Fatty acid part of a phospholipid
C. Cholesterol
D. Glycolprotein
```
A. Phosphate portion of phospholipid
43
```
Which of the following is not a natural triglyceride; but is present in hydrogenated triglycerides?
A. Cis-fatty acids
B. Trans-proteins
C. Cis-proteins
D. Trans-fatty acids
```
D. Trans-fatty acids
44
```
Which of the following is not a ketone?
A. Actone
B. Acetoacerate
C. Beta hydroxubutyric acid
D. Mavalonate
```
C. Beta hydroxubutyric acid
45
```
Protein is first broken down in which of the following body structures?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Liver
C. Kidney
D. Stomach
```
D. Stomach
46
```
What amino acids is a precursor to serotonin?
A. Tryptophan
B. Tyrosine
C. Argine
D. Niacin
```
A. Tryptophan
47
```
Which of the following vitamins are necessary for the maintenance of RBC’s?
A. B-1
B. B-2
C. B-6
D. B-12 and folic acid
```
D. B-12 and folic acid
48
```
What vitamin is used for carboxylation reaction during Gluconeogenesis?
A. Biotin
B. Thiamine
C. Pyridoxine
D. Niacin
```
A. Biotin
49
```
Glucose to lactate produces
A. 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 CO2
B. 2 ATP, 0 NADH, 0 CO2
C. 0 ATP, 2 NADH, 0 CO2
D. 0 ATP, 0 NADH, 2 CO2
```
B. 2 ATP, 0 NADH, 0 CO2
50
```
The source of NADPH for fatty acids Synthesis is from?
A. TCA
B. Glycolytic pathway
C. ETC
D. Hexose-monophosphate shunt
```
D. Hexose-monophosphate shunt
51
```
Which of the following amino acids is ketogenic?
A. Lysine
B. Cysterine
C. Cytine
D. Methionine
```
A. Lysine
52
```
HMG-CoA reductase is the rate limiting enzyme in?
A. Glucose breakdown
B. Cholesterol Synthesis
C. Glycogen Synthesis
D. Glycogen breakdown
```
B. Cholesterol Synthesis
53
```
Which CTA cycle intermediate is a mitochondrial membrane transporter?
A. Fumerate
B. Alpha KG
C. Citrate
D. Succinal CoA
```
C. Citrate
54
```
What enzyme issues for breakdown of glycogen?
A. Glycogen phosphorolase
B. Glycogen synthesis
C. Hexokinase
D. Glucokinase
```
A. Glycogen phosphorolase
55
```
the initial step of the CTA is the combination of acetyl CoA & what form of citrate?
A. Oxaloacetate
B. Malate
C. Acetoacetate
D. Pyruvate
```
A. Oxaloacetate
56
```
Which of the following is a major source of Ca in humans?
A. Grains and cereals
B. Dairy products
C. Poultry
D. Fruit
```
B. Dairy products
57
```
Which of the following minerals is an antioxidant?
A. Magnesium
B. Copper
C. Chromium
D. Selenium
```
D. Selenium
58
```
Glutamate transanimase & alanine transaminase both require?
A. Pyridoxine
B. Cobalamine
C. Thiamine
D. Niacin
```
A. Pyridoxine
59
```
An increase in which of the following minerals causes a decrease in blood pressure?
A. Potassium
B. Na
C. Chloride
D. P
```
A. Potassium
60
```
Dietary vitamin E is absorbed in the intestines by?
A. Amino acids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids
D. Biotin and thiamine
```
C. Lipids
61
```
Due to liver storage and enteropathic recycling sings of a deficiency of what vitamin may not be visible for five to six years?
A. B-1
B. B-2
C. B-6
D. B-12
```
D. B-12
62
```
Which of the following is an important adjunct for glucose?
A. Chromium
B. Copper
C. Mg
D. Zn
```
A. Chromium
63
```
The intramitochondrial space is __ Acidic than matrix because there is more __ in the intramitochondrial space than the matrix?
A. More, hydrogen ions
B. Less, hydrogen ions
C. More, hydroxial ions
D. Less, hydroxal ions
```
A. More, hydrogen ions
64
```
The build-up of cholesterol will inhabit?
A. .
B. .
C. HMG CoA reductase
D. Phosophofructokinase
```
C. HMG CoA reductase
65
```
Oxidation of fatty acids yielding CO2 & water through beta oxidation also goes through?
A. TCA a Gluconeogenesis
B. HMP shunt & TCA
C. TCA & ETC
D. HMP & Gluconeogenesis
```
C. TCA & ETC
66
```
Which of the following represents transcription?
A. DNA -> mRNA
B. RNA -> DNA
C. RNA -> protein
D. DNA -> DNA (Replication)
```
D. DNA -> DNA (Replication)
67
```
If you ingest 200g of carbohydrates it will yield how many Kcalories?
A. 100
B. 200
C. 800
D. 1200
```
C. 800
68
```
Which of the following is an intermediate in fatty acids Synthesis?
A. Malonyl CoA
B. HMG CoA
C. Acetyl CoA
D. Mevalonate
```
C. Acetyl CoA
69
```
Which of the following compounds is a component of NADH & NADPH?
A. Biotin
B. Riboflavin
C. Niacin
D. Pyroxidonine
```
C. Niacin
70
```
What CHO has RNA as its major component?
A. Glucose
B. Ribose
C. Fructose
D. Alpha deoxyribose
```
B. Ribose
