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biochem Flashcards

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1
Q

can react both as an acid and base

A

amphoteric

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2
Q

considered as weak electrolyte

A

water

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3
Q

both accept and donate proton

A

amphiprotic

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4
Q

a mixture of weak electrolytes and its salt

A

buffer

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5
Q

mixture of weak acid

A

acid buffer

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6
Q

mixture of weak base

A

base buffer

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7
Q

produced from the dissociation of acid; removal of hydrogen

A

conjugate base

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8
Q

proton hydrogen donor; formed when it combines with hydrogen

A

conjugate acid

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9
Q

factors affecting blood ph

A

nature of diet and vigorous exercise

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10
Q

metabolic disturbances in the acid-base balance of the body

A

acidosis and alkalosis

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11
Q

the acidity of blood fluids and tissues is abnormally high due to a decrease in normal blood ph

A

acidosis

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12
Q

excessive loss of bases such as bicarbonate due to a decrease in blood HCO3

A

metabolic acidosis

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13
Q

increased level of CO2

A

respiratory acidosis

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14
Q

the pH is decreased; the PCO2 is elevated

A

respiratory acidosis

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15
Q

the pH is elevated; the PCO2 decrease

A

respiratory alkalosis

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16
Q

the pH is elevated; the HCO3 is elevated

A

metabolic alkalosis

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17
Q

the pH is decrease; the HCO3 decrease

A

metabolic acidosis

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18
Q

chromatin material that contains the gene

A

chromosome

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19
Q

carriers of the hereditary trait

A

gene

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20
Q

physical and non-physical characteristics

A

traits

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21
Q

when trait is manifested or is present in every generation

A

dominant trait

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22
Q

when trait may skip a generation and only to reappear in future generation

A

recessive trait

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23
Q

it regulates, controls, and modifies all the metabolic activities of the cell

A

nucleus

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24
Q

liquids that fills inside the cell

A

cytoplasm

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25
living structure a. cytoplasm organelles b. inclusion bodies
a. cytoplasm organelles
26
non-living structure a. cytoplasm organelles b. inclusion bodies
b. inclusion bodies
27
responsible for reproduction
centrosome
28
small, rounded chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane
centrosome
29
gives the cell definite shape and size
cell membrane
30
template of protein synthesis
ribosomes
31
responsible for digesting food in the cell
lysosome
32
storage of food, dumping site for cellular garbage
vacoule
33
generates ATP
mitochondria
34
a network of tubes, tubules, microtubules
endoplasmic reticulum
35
transport cell products
smooth er
36
transport protein
rough er
37
act as a temporary storage of cellular products
golgi apparatus
38
swell cells a. isotonic b, hypotonic c. hypertonic
b. hypotonic
39
shrinkage a. isotonic b. hypotonic c. hypertonic
c. hypertonic
40
most abundant component of cytoplasm
water
40
no effect on the cell a. isotonic b. hypertonic c. hypotonic
a. isotonic
40
main source of energy
carbohydrates
41
second source of energy; provides elasticity to the cell
fats
42
gives strength to the cell membrane
protein
43
charged particles
electrolytes
44
building blocks of proteins; fundamental sub-unit of protein
amino acid
45
carboxyl group
acidic properties
46
amino group
basic properties
47
chiral c
asymmetric carbon
48
conduction of nerve impulses a. contractile protein b. structural protein c. protection protein
a. contractile protein
49
provide mechanical support and structure a. contractile protein b. structural protein c. protection protein
b. structural protein
50
natural defense protein a. contractile protein b. structural protein c. protection protein
c. protection protein
50
carry small molecules and ions a. transport protein b. storage protein
a. transport protein
50
store small molecules and ions a. transport protein b. storage protein
b. storage protein
50
polypeptide are arrange tightly a. fibrous b. globular
a. fibrous
51
polypeptide are arranged in compact a. fibrous b. globular
b. globular
52
more amino acids a. polypeptide b. oligopeptide
a. polypeptide
53
few amino acid a. polypeptide b. oligopeptide
b. oligopeptide
54
high molecular weight a. insoluble b. soluble
a. insoluble
55
low molecular weight a. insoluble b. soluble
b. soluble
56
linear arrangement of amino acids in a polypeptide chain a. primary structure b. secondary structure
primary structure
57
folding of polypeptide chains a. primary structure b. secondary structure
b. secondary structure
58
two types of secondary structure
alpha helix beta-pleated sheat
59
2 forms of h-bond
intramolecular h-bond intermolecular h-bond
60
within molecule a. intramolecular h-bond b. intermolecular h-bond
a. intramolecular h-bond
61
different compound a. intramolecular h-bond b. intermolecular h-bond
b. intermolecular
62
unfolding of polypeptide chains a. primary structure b. secondary structure b. tertiary structure
b. tertiary structure
63
polypeptide chains tightly woven with each other a. Quaternary structure b. tertiary structure c. primary structure
a. Quaternary structure
64
destruction of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure a. denaturation structure b. primary structure
a. denaturation structure
65
decreased solubility a. physcial b. chemical c. biological
b. chemical
66
increase viscosity a. physcial b. chemical c. biological
a. physical
67
increased digestibility a. physcial b. chemical c. biological
c. biological
68
breakdown of substances into smaller particles a. ionization b. dissociation
b. dissociation
69
atoms or molecules get a positive or negative charges a. ionization b. dissociation
a. ionization
70
underweight for one's age a. underweight b. stunted c. wasted
a. underweight
71
acute malnutrition a. underweight b. stunted c. wasted
c. wasted
72
chronic malnutrition a. underweight b. stunted c. wasted
b. stunted
73
two major types of malnutrition
protein-energy malnutrition and macro-nutrient deficiency
74
a form of malnutrition due to a diet deficient in protein; also called wet a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus c. atrophy
a. kwashiorkor
75
severe lack of protein intake; also called dry form a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus c. atrophy
b. marasmus
76
also known as "muscle wasting" due to aging or protein deficiency a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus c. atrophy
c. atrophy
77
cells are more likely to shrink because there is no energy sustaining them a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus c. atrophy
c. atrophy
78
this condition is usually appeared at the age of 12 months when breastfeeding is discontinued a. kwashiorkor b. marasmus c. atrophy
a. kwashiorkor

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