Biochem Mem Jogger Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
WOTF is the best food source for Vit K?
A
Spinach
2
Q
WOTF is generated via UV light using 7-dehydrocholesterol?
A
Vit D
3
Q
WOTF is not a source of Vit A naturally?
A
Wheat, cereal, rice
4
Q
WOTF is the best source of Vit E?
A
Wheat germ oil
5
Q
WOTF is an omega 3?
A
Fish oil
6
Q
What fiber is most H2O soluble?
A
Pectin
7
Q
How many nitrogen bases are in codon?
A
3 (which equals 1 AA)
8
Q
WOTF is a proteolytic enzyme?
A
Trysin
9
Q
With an allosteric enzyme, WOTF would occur?
A
Conformational change
10
Q
1 glucose to 2 lactic acid, how many net ATPs do you get?
A
2
11
Q
If the patient has protein and calorie malnutrition, what is it?
A
Marasmus
12
Q
The cycloxygenase pathway will lead to what?
A
Prostaglandin
13
Q
What is the linkage within glycogen?
A
Alpha 1,4 and 1,6
14
Q
What type of linkage is broken by amylase?
A
Alpha 1,4
15
Q
What type of linkage is in amylopectin?
A
Alpha 1,4 and 1,6
16
Q
WOTF is a nucleotide?
A
Pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
17
Q
WOTF is a nucleoside?
A
Pentose sugar and nitrogenous base
18
Q
In translation, you form WOTF?
A
Peptide
19
Q
WOTF do you get from transcription?
A
Phosphodiester bond
20
Q
WOTF is involved in decarboxylation?
A
B1 (thiamine)
21
Q
WOTF is involved in carboxylation?
A
Biotin
22
Q
WOTF is needed for Co-enzyme A?
A
Pantothenic acid
23
Q
WOTF is involved in transamination rxn?
A
Pyridial phosphate
24
Q
WOTF is a major intermediate in glycogen synthesis?
A
UDP-glucose
25
______ produces intrinsic factor that is necessary for absorption of ______?
Parietal cells, Cyanocobalamin
26
Different ring forms of glucose are known as?
Anomers
27
WOTF makes up maltose?
Glucose + glucose
28
Degradation of sucrose will yield?
Glucose + fructose
29
Degradation of lactose will yield?
Glucose + galactose
30
Vit C will perform WOTF?
Hydroxylation
31
During transamination rxn an AA is converted to WOTF?
Alpha ketoacid
32
WOTF allows for the liver to generate free glucose from glucose-6-phosphate?
Glucose 6 phosphatase
33
How do fat soluble vitamins get to the liver?
Chylomicrons
34
Best nitrogen donor is?
Glutamate
35
Carbohydrates are stored as?
Glycogen
36
WOTF is not a major co-factor for beta oxidation?
NADPH
37
Where does beta oxidation and the glycolytic cycle meet?
Acetyl CoA
38
WOTF is not derived from CHOL?
Insulin
39
WOTF is not responsible for production of urea?
Hepatocytes
40
Thymine, which is derived from uracil, occurs due to?
Methylation
41
WOTF is not prod in body?
Linoleic acid
42
WOTF carries CHOL from the liver to peripheral tissue?
LDL
43
WOTF bonds need to be cleaved to break down isomaltose?
Alpha 1,6
44
When glucose and galactose combine together they form?
Lactose
45
WOTF will break down to give only glucose?
Maltose
46
WOTF is a pentose sugar?
Ribose
47
Malonyl CoA is synthesized from WOTF?
Acetyl CoA
48
WOTF is needed to get pyruvate from cytoplasm to mito?
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier
49
Where does the beta oxidation occur?
Mito
50
WOTF prod the most ATP?
Oxidation of FA
51
WOTF hormones is responsible for gluconeogenesis?
Glucagon
52
WOTF hormones is responsible for FA synthesis?
Insulin
53
WOTF enzymes is responsible for beta oxidation?
Hormone sensitive lipase
54
WOTF is a tripeptide?
Glutathione
55
WOTF is resp for the most powerful antioxidant system in the body?
Glutathione peroxidase
56
WOTF is the initiator of protein synthesis?
Methionine
57
WOTF do proteins have?
Peptide bonds
58
Which AA is responsible for synthesis of epi and norepi?
Phenylalanine
59
WOTF contains an aromatic ring?
Tyrosine
60
WOTF is released form posterior pit?
ADH
61
Purine breakdown leads to WOTF?
Uric acid
62
WOTF will cause a decrease of blood in Ca+ levels?
Calcitonin
63
What is the rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis?
PFK
64
During glycolysis, at which step do you produce NADH?
Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate to 1,3 bis phosphoglycerate
65
WOTF is responsible for adding a phosphate group?
Kinase
66
WOTF inhibits gluconeogenesis?
Insulin
67
WOTF hormones stimulate fat synthesis?
Insulin
68
WOTF will cause high blood glucose levels?
Cortisol
69
WOTF is responsible for reducing blood sugar levels when they are elevated?
Insulin
70
WOTF is a ketone body?
Acetone
71
Complementary proteins can be found in WOTF?
Pasta and cheese
72
WOTF is an acid essential for synthesis of thymine from uracil?
Folic acid
73
Which enzyme is responsible for glycogen break down?
Glycogen phosphorylase
74
WOTF inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity?
NADH
75
WOTF vitamin is heat labile?
Panthothenic acid
76
WOTF vitamin is involved in 1 carbon transfer?
Folic acid
77
Tryptophan is NOT found in WOTF?
Legumes
78
What causes the basophilic stippling of rbc’s in some types of anemia?
Lead
79
Which formula explains what happens when a non-competitive inhibitor is added?
Decrease Vmax (or no change in KM, either one would be correct)
80
Function of the VLDL particle is to?
Transport Tg’s (triglycerides)
81
Soy prod is important to the diet b/c they contain WOTF?
Phytoestrogen
82
Where are the glycolytic enzymes located?
Cytosol
83
Enzymes with a single binding unit (active site) present which type of curve?
Hyperbolic
84
WOTF represents the substrate conc. required to attain ½ of maximal velocity of a rxn?
KM
85
An excess of folic acid may mask a deficiency in WOTF?
Cobalamine
86
Acidic conditions in the liver as a result of alcoholism is due to building of WOTF?
Acetate
87
Deficiency in HMG CoA synthase will result in WOTF?
Decreased cholesterol synthesis
88
WOTF vitamins is depleted from a body if a person is taking antibiotics?
K
89
In the electron transport chain WOTF contains copper?
Cytochrome AA3
90
The reason the TCA cycle can NOT proceed under Anaerobic condition is?
Cant regenerate NAD+ and FAD+ without O2
91
Most abundant polar component of a cell membrane is?
Phosphate portion of a phospholipid
92
WOTF is NOT a ketone body ?
Mevalonate
93
Source of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis is from?
Hexose monophosphate shunt
94
Excess ammonia is transported from skeletal muscle to the liver by?
L-glutamate
95
Which dx would occur if there was a deficiency in the enzyme necessary for the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine?
Phenylketonuria
96
WOTF is considered the most saturated?
Coconut oil
97
WOTF is lacking in a strict vegetarian diet?
Cobalamine
98
Beta-oxidation occurs in the ____ and is a ______ process?
Mito, oxidation
99
WOTF rxns is responsible for forming deoxyribose from ribose?
Oxidation
100
Ketone bodies result from WOTF?
Incomplete oxidation of fats
101
What do you call an AA when it is at its isoelectric point?
A zwitter ion
102
Alpha helices and beta pleated sheets are which type of protein structure?
2 degree
103
Most cells can readily synthesize aspartate from?
Oxaloacetate
104
Which lipoprotein is produced by the liver and transports Tg’s to peripheral tissues?
VLDL
105
By which mechanism do humans eliminate CHOL?
Excrete thru feces
106
WOTF is characteristic of a spontaneous rxn?
(-) Gibbs free energy
107
tRNA is responsible for WOTF?
Supplying AA during translation
108
Free radicals are highly reactive species which result from the ____ of lipids?
Peroxidation
109
Oxaloacetate is the alpha-keto analog of WOTF?
Aspartic acid
110
Which enzyme is present in the liver but NOT in the brain or muscle?
Glucose-6-phosphatase
111
WOTF is an intermediate in the formation of palmitic acid from acetyl-CoA?
Malonyl CoA
112
WOTF hormone contains a disulfide bond ?
Insulin
113
Which enzyme catalyzes the degradation of purines?
Xanthinoxidase
114
Good source of cobalamine?
Liver
115
Which co-enzyme is needed for transamination?
B6: pyroxidase phosphate
116
What mineral is needed for proper functioning of the thyroid?
Iodine
117
If carbohydrates are depleted, what is the next practical source of energy?
Lipids
118
Maltose is derived from WOTF sugars?
Glucose-Glucose
119
UDP-glucose is a major intermediate in WOTF?
Glycogenesis
120
with respect to monounsaturated fats, where is the double bond at?
9/10 (omega 9)
121
What is the alpha-keto sugar of alanine?
Pyruvate
122
Which AA removes excess ammonia from the kidney?
Glutamate
123
Which substance is prod in the following rxn.....succinate-fumarate?
FADH2
