Spinal Anatomy Flashcards
(150 cards)
1
Q
Cranial venous sinuses are located within ________
A
Dura
2
Q
Which vertebrae have only one rib articulation?
A
T11
3
Q
Which foramen is in the middle cranial fossa?
A
Foramen rotundum
4
Q
What goes through foramen rotundum?
A
Maxillary
5
Q
What goes through foramen ovale?
A
Mandibular
6
Q
What goes through foramen spinosum?
A
Middle meningeal
7
Q
The vertebral artery goes through the __________
A
Foramen magnum
8
Q
Which does not go thru the FM?
A
CNX
9
Q
Top of pelvic brim corresponds to ________
A
Inlet
10
Q
What branchial arch is responsible for external auditory meatus?
A
1
11
Q
Which is involved with swallowing reflex?
A
Medulla Oblongata
12
Q
Which cranial nerve comes off the posterior aspect of midbrain?
A
IV
13
Q
Which nerve is responsible for taste on soft palate?
A
VII
14
Q
Confluence of the sinuses is found on which bone?
A
Occipital
15
Q
Which nerve is not part of the visual pathway?
A
Oculomotor
16
Q
Forward flexion would cause stretching to which ligament that connects lamina to lamina?
A
Flava
17
Q
Which does not originate or attach to C1?
A
Rectus Capitis Posterior major
18
Q
Which is a border of the sub-occipital triangle?
A
Inf Oblique
19
Q
Which is the deepest muscle in the neck?
A
(Rotators, multifidus)
20
Q
Which muscles performs ipsilateral LF and Contralateral Rotation for the head?
A
SCM
21
Q
What are the accessory muscles of inspiration?
A
Scalene and serratus posterior
22
Q
What lies between the head of the caudate nucleus and putamen?
A
Anterior portion of internal capsule
23
Q
What type of joint is the Costovertebral junction?
A
Synovial
24
Q
The superior and inferior border of _______form IVF?
A
Pedicles
25
Which is not a border of the IVF?
Lamina
26
Based upon the sup art facet, WOTF has the most motion?
C5/6
27
Thoracic vertebrae have the most motion in what range?
Rotation
28
Which vertebrae is bigger anterior than posterior?
L5
29
Where does the dural sac end?
S2
30
Medial border of lateral ventricle is formed by _________
Septum pellucidum
31
What is the most superior spinal nerve root that can be compressed by posterior disc prolapse?
C3
32
Where is the CSF reabsorbed?
Arachnoid villi
33
The ciliary muscle in the eye causes ____________
Lens convergence
34
The ______ nerve supplies the skin of the occipital region?
Greater occipital
35
Which ligament is on the anterior part of the vertebral canal?
PLL
36
The lingula gyrus receives information from _________
Upper contralateral visual field
37
What bone is the posterior pituitary found on?
Sphenoid
38
Which cranial nerve pierces the parotid?
CNVII
39
Which nerve roots innervate the descending colon?
S2-4
40
How many pierced foramen are in the sacrum? (on 1 side)
4
41
Which innervates the foregut and midgut?
CNX
42
Broca’s area is responsible for?
Speech
43
Which limits extension?
ALL
44
What extends from the tip of the dens to the anterior aspect of foramen magnum?
Apical
45
What is the superior continuation of the PLL?
Tectorial membrane
46
What is responsible for holding the dens in relation to the anterior arch of atlas?
Transverse lig
47
What attaches from the anterior tubercle to the anterior aspect of the foramen magnum?
Ant Atlanto-occipital
48
Which ligaments will prevent extension at C2?
ALL
49
Costosternal (sternocostal) articulation is what type of joint?
Synovial
50
What does not directly articulate with sternum?
9th rib
51
What is part of auditory pathway?
Medial geniculate nucleus pathway
52
What is part of visual pathway?
Lateral geniculate nucleus pathway
53
Septum primum and secundum form ________
Foramen ovale
54
Spinothalamic tract decussates where?
At level of origin in the spinal cord
55
Where does the corticospinal tract decussate?
At motor decussation at level of C1
56
Nerve cell bodies for sympathetic fibers leaving the spinal cord as white rami communicans are located?
Intermediolateral cell column
57
Only preganglionic symp fibers go to this structure?
Adrenal medulla
58
Slow dull achy pain is transmitted via?
Unmyelinated C fibers
59
To stimulate hunger response, where are the nuclei located?
Hypothalamus
60
CN V, VI, VII arise from the ___________
Pons
61
Schwann cells are responsible for what?
(mylination of peripheral nerve fibers) = Insulation
62
Which cells are responsible for making myelin in CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
63
Which nerves are responsible for innervation of the salivary glands?
CN VII & IX
64
What is the location of 3rd ventricle?
Diencephalon
65
Conscious proprioception and 2 pt discrimination from the legs is carried by which tracts?
fasiculus gracilis
66
Which is involved in the hearing reflexes?
Inferior colliculus
67
Which is part of the visual light reflexes?
Superior colliculus
68
A bilateral lesion of the hippocampus will present with _____ amnesia?
Anterograde
69
Which cranial nerve innervates the glottis?
CN X
70
What is the function of Blood Brain Barrier?
Allows glucose into the brain while keeping foreign particles out
71
Which landmark is not located on the sphenoid?
Crista galli (ethmoid)
72
The alignment of superior articular facets in the thoracic spine are located in which direction?
Post and Lateral
73
CN IX is derived from?
Myelencephalon
74
CN III arises from which region of brain stem?
Midbrain
75
Nucleus ambiguous originates from ___________
Myelencephalon
76
Smallest dural sinus?
Occipital
77
Cell bodies of CN X, XI, XII originate from the ____________
Medulla
78
Tract that crosses lamina 7 in the spinal cord that carries pain and temp?
Latearal Spinothalamic
79
Aqueous humor that is found in both the anterior and posterior chamber is produced by _________
Ciliary process
80
CSF is reabsorbed where?
Arachnoid villi
81
Carotid tubercle is at which spinal level?
C6
82
What vesicle is the origin of the medulla?
Rhombencephalon
83
What connects the ear to nasopharyngeal area?
Auditory tube
84
What cells are the macrophages in the CNS?
Microglia
85
Tectum of the midbrain is the origin of tectospinal tract it carries sensation for?
Vision, hearing
86
Smallest dural sinus?
Occipital sinus
87
Vein of Galen drains into?
Straight sinus
88
The nucleus ambiguous is associated with which cranial nerves?
IX, X, XI
89
White rami communicants are found in which level of spinal column?
T8 (T1-L2=symp)
90
Point where the coronal and sagittal suture meets?
Bregma
91
What fibers go thru the tract of Lissauer?
Thermal, nocioceptive
92
Superior and inferior borders of the IVF are made up of which structure?
Pedicles
93
Hair cells are found in _______
Organ of Corti
94
Lumbar facets are ____ degrees from horizontal?
90
95
The greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves are all ______
Postganglionic symp
96
Muscle that flexes the leg is innervated by?
Tibial
97
Sensation to posterior and lateral leg comes from which nerve?
Sural
98
After leaving the 4th ventricle, where does CSF go?
F. Luschka & Foramen of Magendi(e)
99
What lig connects lamina to lamina?
Flava
100
Tectorial ligament is a continuation of ________
PLL
101
Ligament that arises from anterior foramen magnum and attaches to tip of dens limits which motion?
Apical Flexion/Extension
102
Which ligament does not limit extension?
Nuchae
103
Cell type that is predominately in ANS?
Multipolar
104
Spasticity is most likely assoc with a problem in which regions?
(upper motor neuron lesion) Pyramidal decussation
105
Inflammation of superior orbital fissure will NOT result in a loss of?
Vision
106
Which tract innervates a diarthrodial joint?
Dorsal column
107
A gomphosis is what type of joint?
Fibrous
108
Which connective tissue structure attaches the spinal cord to dura?
Denticulate lig
109
Which tract decussates at the anterior white commissure?
Spinothalamic
110
Adrenal gland is derived from ______
cortex from mesoderm & medulla from Neural crest cell
111
Which of these cells are NOT found in CNS?
Neurolemmocyte
112
Which terms refers to a joint that has been surgically created?
Arthodesis
113
Mamillary processes are located on ________
Superior articulate facet
114
Anterior slippage of L5 with breakage of the pars?
Spondylolytic Spondylolisthesis
115
Pineal gland is derived from which embryonic structure?
Diencephalon
116
Bitemporal hemianopsia is due to a lesion location in WOTF structure?
Optic chiasm
117
What separates the cerebellum from the cerebral cortex?
Tentorium cerebelli
118
Medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by?
CN V
119
Sympathetic post ganglionic fibers that innervate the liver are derived from what levels?
T5-T9
120
CN VII passes thru the ______ foramen?
Stylomastoid
121
Which nerve does NOT have cutaneous innervation?
Subscap
122
T10/11 make up which nerves?
Lesser splanchnic
123
Pain fibers are predominately found in which part of the spinal cord?
Substantia gelatinosa
124
Which type of fiber is found in middle cerebellar peduncle?
Pontocerebellar
125
Which is a parasympathetic reaction?
Inc gastric secretion
126
What is the name of the structure that separates cerebral hemispheres?
Falx cerebri
127
Superior colliculus will send fibers to which areas?
Cervical spine
128
In the cervical spine, what motions will cause a decreased size of IVF?
Ipsi-rotation and extension
129
Greater occipital nerve is derived from ________
Dorsal rami C2
130
What separates the dura from bone within the vertebral canal?
Epidural
131
Which fibers go thru the superior cerebellar peduncle?
(fastigioperiventricular, cerebellotegmental, cerebello-olivary, dentate- [cerebello-] rubral, dentate-thalmic,& flocculo-oculomotor)
132
The nucleus that is most associated with sense of taste is?
Nucleus of tractus Solitarius
133
What is not part of sphenoid?
Crista galli
134
What structure lies behind the basis peduncle? (cerebral peduncle)
Substantia nigra
135
Which reflex is dependant upon the sensory component of trigeminal nerve?
Blink
136
The superior articular process of atlas facets ______ + ________?
Superior and concave
137
The superior articular process of atlas facets ______ + ________?
Superior and concave
138
Only unpaired artery in circle of Willis?
Anterior communicating artery
139
Which nerve structure contains gamma motor neurons?
Ventral horn
140
What encloses the vertebral artery as it enters the foramen magnum?
Posterior atlanto-occipital lig
141
Pt presents with loss of vibration, 2 point discrim and proprio in RT lower leg, which region is most likely damaged?
Contralateral VPL nucleus
142
Nasolacrimal duct drains into ________
Inf Meatus
143
What is characteristic of thoracics?
Heart shaped
144
Anterior clinoid processes are located on the _____ of the sphenoid bone?
Lesser wing
145
Nerve fibers for sense of olfaction originate from which cell?
(olfactory neurons in olfactory epithelium in nose. These terminate on Mitral cells in olfactory bulbs which is origin of olfactory tracts)
146
If a pt has a problem with Brocas area, what problem is seen?
Motor aphasia
147
Dorsal scapular nerve does NOT innervate which muscles?
Serratus post sup
148
Proprioception, vibration and 2 pt discrimination from RT lower extremities are carried in the?
Left Medial leminiscus
149
Primary flexor in cervical spine?
Longus colli
150
Lumbar z-joints are innervated by?
Medial branch dorsal primary rami
