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ChE Boards Trivia > Biochemical Engineering > Flashcards

Biochemical Engineering Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Bond between monosaccharides

A

glycosidic bonds

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2
Q

Primary level of protein structure

A

amino acid sequence

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3
Q

Secondary level of protein sturcture

A

Alpha helix coil or beta sheet

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4
Q

Tertiary protein structure

A

fold of proteins

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5
Q

Quaternary structure of proteins

A

Polypeptide chains

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6
Q

Protein chains that are easily soluble in water, found in enzymes, spherical conformation

A

Globular

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7
Q

Protein chains that are found as parallel polypeptide chains in long sheets, water insoluble, tough, stretchy

A

Fibrous

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8
Q

Types of inhibition

A

Competitive, non-competitive

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9
Q

Inhibition type where the binding site is blocked

A

Competitive

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10
Q

Inhibition type that changes the shape of enzyme

A

non-competitive

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11
Q

Generally-accepted model for enzyme fit

A

Induced fit model

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12
Q

Lengths of proteins

A

> 50 amino acids

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13
Q

Lengths of peptides

A

< 50 amino acids

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14
Q

Bonds that link amino acids together

A

peptide bonds

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15
Q

The only secondary amine out of the 20 amino acids

A

proline

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16
Q

the only achiral amino acid

A

glycine

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17
Q

Natural configuration of amino acids

A

L

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18
Q

pH where the amino acid exists as neutral, zwitterionic form

A

Isoelectric point

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19
Q

Separation of polar compounds based on mobility (charge and molecular mass)

A

electrophoresis

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20
Q

Convention of writing peptide sequences

A

N-terminus to C-terminus

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21
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bonds

A

Proteases

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22
Q

Organic molecules/metal ions that aid enzymes in reactions

A

coenzymes

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23
Q

When the carbonyl of a monosaccharide is located at the C1 carbon

A

aldose

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24
Q

When the carbonyl of a monosaccharide is located at any carbon except C1

A

ketose

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25
Carbohydrates with the OH group pointing to the right of the Fischer projection
D-carbohydrates
26
The simplest carbohydrate
glyceraldehyde
27
Process of forming an equilibrium mixture of the anomers
mutarotation
28
Carbohydrate with a missing hydroxyl group
Deoxy sugar
29
Carbohydrates with hydroxyl group replaced by amino group
amino sugar
30
Long, straight chain saturated/unsat'd acids (C12-C20)
Fatty acids
31
tri-esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids
triglycerides
32
sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids produced from the hydrolysis of glycerides
soaps
33
component of cell membranes with nonpolar tails and polar heads
glycerophospholipids
34
esters of long chain fatty acids (C16 - C36) with long chain alcohols
waxes
35
Biological process of breaking down molecules
catabolism
36
Biological process of building molecules
Anabolism
37
Net product of cellular respiration in # of ATP
36 or 38
38
Product of glycolysis
2 ATP + 2 pyruvates
39
Product of citric acid cycle
2 ATP (due to 2 citric acid processed)
40
Product of electron transport chain
32-34 ATP per glucose
41
Fermentation product of pyruvate in animals
lactate
42
Net product of fermentation
2 ATP per glucose
43
Product of fermentation in plants
alcohol and CO2
44
Precursor of glucose for gluconeogenesis
pyruvates
45
Efficiency of cellular respiration
39% (263 kcal/686 kcal)
46
three subunits of nucleotides
sugar, heterocyclic base, phosphodiester
47
base sugar of DNA
2-deoxyribose
48
base sugar of RNA
ribose
49
Composed of only a sugar and base
Nucleoside
50
Composed of a sugar, base, and phosphate
Nucleotide
51
Chain of sugars and bases attached via phosphodiesters
nucleic acids
52
Linkages between nucleotide units of nucleic acids
phosphodiesters
53
Describe Chargaff's Rule
A = T, C = G
54
Secondary structure of DNA
double helix
55
Tertiary structure of DNA
supercoils
56
assembly of DNA coiled around protein cores called histones
nucleosomes
57
process of copying DNA
replication
58
process of reading and transferring genetic code from the DNA to mRNA
transcription
59
process of converting genetic code into a protein
translation
60
enzyme that unwinds DNA
topoisomerase
61
protein that unwinds the double helix DNA
helicase
62
enzyme that replicates DNA to produce a new strand
DNA polymerase
63
enzyme that forms the phosphodiester bond between DNA pieces
DNA ligase
64
describe the replication in the leading strand
proceeds as usual in the 5' --> 3' direction of the new strand
65
describe the replication of the lagging strand
synthesis of individual 5' --> 3' fragments are done and fused together using DNA ligase
66
strand that is copied during transcription
antisense strand
67
large assembly of protein and rRNA that catalyze protein and peptide biosynthesis
ribosomes
68
method of amplifying DNA using polymerase, dNTPs, and temperature cycling
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
69
unhealthy types of fats
saturated and trans fats
70
purine bases
A/G
71
Pyrimidine bases
C/U/T
72
Start codon
AUG

ChE Boards Trivia (14 decks)

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