Process - CPI Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Addition of alkyl radical with side chain final product
A
Alkylation
2
Q
Example of alkylation applications
A
Petroleum
Organic chemicals
3
Q
Creation of amine group by addition of ammonia
A
Amination by ammonolysis
4
Q
Applications of ammonolysis
A
Dyestuffs
Synthetic fibers
Organic chemicals
5
Q
Creation of amine group by adding hydrogen gas
A
Amination by reduction
6
Q
Applications of amination by reduction
A
Dyestuffs
Organic chemical
7
Q
Creation of amine group and oxidation
A
Ammonoxidation
8
Q
Application of ammonoxidation
A
Plastics
Synthetic fibers
9
Q
Process of heating limestone to produce lime
A
Calcination
10
Q
Application of calcination
A
Cement
11
Q
Creation of carbonyl compounds
A
Carbonylation
12
Q
Creation of carboxylate salts
A
Carboxylation
13
Q
Combination of two organic molecules
A
Condensation
14
Q
Application of condensation
A
Synthetic perfumes
15
Q
Separation of long C-C chains into smaller chains
A
Cracking or pyrolysis
16
Q
What process is used in destructive distillation of coal and petroleum
A
Cracking or pyrolysis
17
Q
Production of cyanide
A
Cyanidation or cyanation
18
Q
Creation of cyclic compounds from C-C chains
A
Cyclization
19
Q
Where is cyclization applied?
A
Petroleum
20
Q
Removable of water
A
Dehydration
21
Q
Removal of hydrogen
A
Dehydrogenation
22
Q
Where is dehydrogenation usually applied?
A
Synthetic rubbers
23
Q
Occurs between diazonium ions and the phenolic tyrosine, resulting in three new typical peaks in the SERS spectrum of thr azo dye
A
Diazotization and coupling
24
Q
When a substance is simultaneously reduced and oxidized
A
Disproportionation
25
Other term for double decomposition (switching of ion pairs in inorganix chemicals)
Metathesis
26
Adding acid to alcohol triggers
Esterification
27
Application of esterification
Oils and fats
Soaps
28
Addition of halogen to org compound performed with/without light
Halogenation
29
Addition of water
Hydration
30
Production of aldehydes from alkenes
Hydroformylation
31
Other term for hydroformylation
Oxo synthesis
32
Addition of hydrogen
Hydrogenation
33
Applications of hydrogenation
Fats and waxes
Coal hydrogenation
Petroleum
34
Cleavage of bonds by the addition of water
Hydrolysis
35
Oxidation of CH into COH
Hydroxylation
36
Application of hydroxylation
Detergent
37
Transformation of molecules into a different isomer
Isomerization
38
Where is isomerization applied?
Petroleum
39
Introduction of nitro group into a organic compound
Nitration
40
Application of nitration
Explosives
Dyestuffs
41
Conversion of monomers to macromolecular complexes thriugh a finite defree of polymerization
Oligomerization
42
Applications of polymerization
Petroleum
Plastics
Elastomers
Synthetic fibers
43
Production of benzenesulfonic acid by adding SO3 and H2SO4
Sulfonation
44
Application of sulfonation
Dyestuff
45
Conversion of carbonyl group to thiocarbonyl
Thionation
46
Manufacture of paper from pulp employing the Foudrinier machine
Kraft Processes
47
Method of recovering hydrogen from water gas; carbon dioxide is reacted with steam at 500 C in the presence of catalyst to form co and h2
Bosch Process
48
Recovering copper from its sulfide ores by leaching with cupric and sodium or calcium chloride solutuon and electrolyzing, product is cupric chloride
Hoepener Process
49
Copper or iron sulfides fused and blown with air to burn out the sulfur content
Holloway process
50
Formation a rust resistant coating on iron, base metal by oxidation with superheated steam
Barff process
51
Process for reduction of lead ores, small charge is roasted slowly at a low T, lead being collected outside the furnace by means of heat
Carinthian process
52
Method of recovering gold and silver from their ores into a soluble form by treatments with cyanides
Cyanidation process
53
Rubber reclaiming process in which vulcanized scraps are introduced into a mixer (Banbury) where im the presence of air it is worked under pressure and at high T for a very short time
Babbyry Process
54
Sulfonation and extraction process in the manufacture of phenol
Dennis Bull Process
55
Soda ash manufacture
Solvay Process
56
Production of ammonia by direct combination of N2 and H2 at 600 under 200-300 atm in presence of catalyst
Haber Bosch Process
57
Process of recovering sulfur from the buried porous cap rock of a salt dome and delivering it above ground as a product of suitable purity and condition for use
Frasch Process
58
Extraction of aluminum from bauxite
Hall's process
59
Catalysts used in manufacture of sulfuric acid by chamber and contact processes
Chamber: oxides of nitrogen
Contact: V2O5 (vanadium oxide) on a porous carrier
60
In contact process SO3 is absorbed in 97% H2SO4 because
water forms an acid mist which is difficult to absorb
61
Contact process yields __ concentration than chamber process
Higher
62
Producer gas contains mainly
CO, CO2, H2 and N2
63
Oxygen is produced by fraction of air using
both Linde's Process and Claude's Process
64
Raw materials for Solvay Process
Salt, limestone, ammonia, coke oven gas
65
Economics of the Solvay Process depends upon the efficiency of
Ammonia recovery and size of plant
66
Cement contains
CaO, SiO2, Al2O3
67
Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of magnesium and calcium
sulphides and chlorides
68
Widely used method for conditioning of boiler feed wider
Hot-lime soda process
69
Hydrazine is widely used in
as rocket fuel
70
Trinitro-toluene is
an explosive
71
A mixture of glycerides of fatty acids
Oil
72
Mixture of esters of polyhydric alcohols except glycerin
wax
73
Unsaturated oils compared to saturated oils have
lower melting point and higher reactivity to oxygen
74
Rancidity of oil can be reduced by
Hydrogenation
75
Solvent used for extraction of oil
methyl ethyl ketone
76
Catalyst used in hydrogenation of oil
Nickel
77
Metallic soap is made of
aluminum and calcium salt of fatty acids
78
Fat splitting catalyst
ZnO
79
Free alkali in toilet soap is _____ that in laundry soap
less than
80
Builders are added in soap to
boost cleaning power
81
Biodegradable detergents
can easily be oxidized
82
Alkyl benzene sulfonate is
a detergent
83
Yellow glycerin can be made into white usin
activated carbon
84
How are essential oils usually obtained
steam distillation
85
Why are plasticizers added to paints
to give elasticity and prevent cracking of the film
86
Which oil is preferred in paint manufacturing
Drying oil
87
What is the function of a thinner in a paint
Suspend pigments and dissolve film-forming materials
88
Enamels
give good glossy finish
89
Why is SO2 bubbled through hot sugar-cane juice
act as an acidifying agent
90
substance that increases strength of tires
carbon black
91
common hydrocarbon gas liquids
butane and propane
92
refers to gases produced during oil production
associated gas
93
gases separated during oil refining
refinery gas
94
Catalyzed reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form hydrocarbons
Fischer-Tropsch process
95
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis feed quality guidelines
< 1 ppm sulfur, <1% aromatics
96
ideal catalyst for light components production in FT (gasoline)
iron
97
ideal catalyst for heavy component production in FT (diesel, waxes)
nickel
98
range of carbon lengths for LPG gas
C1 to C4
99
Range of naphtha carbon lengths
C5 to C12
100
Range of kerosene carbon chain lengths
C6 to C12
101
Range of carbon chain lengths for diesel/gasoline
C12-C18
102
Range of carbon chain lengths for lubricating oil
C16-C22
103
Range of carbon chain lengths for residue/asphalt/paraffin waxes
> C20
104
Process of producing 1,3 propanediol using a bioreactor (E. coli)
DuPont process
105
Chemical which is the precursor of nylon-6
Caprolactam
106
major source of cheap natural gas
Middle East
