Membrane sep, etc

Question 1

Membrane configuration with low surface area per volume, used in flat and plate modules

Answer 1

Flat

Question 2

Membrane configuration with high surface per volume; feed is preferably inside the membrane

Answer 2

Tubular

Question 3

Fraction of stream that passes through a membrane

Answer 3

Permeate

Question 4

Fraction retained in the membrane

Answer 4

Retentate

Question 5

Types of membrane modules

Answer 5

Plate and frame
Tubular
Spiral-wound
Capillary
Hollow-fiber

Question 6

Usual flow arrangement for plate and frame module membranes

Answer 6

Perpendicular/cross flow

Question 7

Selective flow by a fluid

Answer 7

Channeling

Question 8

Instrument to prevent channeling

Answer 8

stop disk

Question 9

Advantages of plate and frame module

Answer 9

Easy to clean, easy to replace, high work pressure, for high viscosity liquids

Question 10

Disadvantage of plate and frame module

Answer 10

small area per volume ratio

Question 11

Advantages of spiral-wound module

Answer 11

High packing density, easy and inexpensive

Question 12

Disadvantages of spiral-wound module

Answer 12

Difficult to clean, high pressure drop, only for pure media

Question 13

Advantages of tubular modules

Answer 13

Resistant to fouling, easy to clean

Question 14

Disadvantages of tubular modules

Answer 14

Low packing density, expensive

Question 15

Applications of tubular modules

Answer 15

Reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration

Question 16

Type of module with the highest packing density (30000m2/m3)

Answer 16

Hollow-fiber module

Question 17

Advantages of hollow-fiber module

Answer 17

High packing density, low cost

Question 18

Disadvantages of hollow-fiber module

Answer 18

high fouling, high pressure drop