bioethics

Question 1

from the greek word”ethos”

Answer 1

ethics

Question 2

–behavior or custom that is permanent

Answer 2

ethics

Question 3

Latin word for morals

Answer 3

mos or moris

Question 4

Basic human behaviors that are specific & inherit to human beings

Answer 4

ethics

Question 5

Natural to human which confers and develops goodness in them.

Answer 5

ethics

Question 6

identifies a code of values for our
actions

Answer 6

ethics

Question 7

area of ethics that deals with the implications of biological research and biotechnological applications
on humanity.

Answer 7

bioethics

Question 8

A branch of applied ethics that studies the
philosophical, social, and legal issues
arising in medicine and the life sciences.

Answer 8

bioethics

Question 9

chiefly concerned with human life and
well-being, though it sometimes also
treats ethical questions relating to the non
human biological environment.

Answer 9

bioethics

Question 10

aims to figure out what the
right thing is to do or what the best
course of action is. It helps people
decide how to behave and how to
treat one another and what values
should prevail.

Answer 10

ethics

Question 11

he coined the term bioethics

Answer 11

Van Rensselaer Potter

Question 12

ELSI meaning

Answer 12

Ethical, Legal, and Social Isses

Question 13

Principles of Medical Ethics (4)

Answer 13

• principle of respect for autonomy
• principle of nonmaleficence
• principle of beneficence
• principle of justice

Question 14

This principle is set for the practice of “informed
consent” in the physician/patient connection or transaction regarding health care.

Answer 14

Principle of respect for autonomy

Question 15

This principle describes ethics
related not to cause harm or injury to the patient intentionally.

Answer 15

Principle of nonmaleficence

Question 16

The idea behind of this principle is that health care
providers have a duty to be concerned about the benefit to the patient, and also to
take positive steps to remove the harm from the patient.

Answer 16

Principle of beneficence

Question 17

It implies the fairness of the health care to patients regardless
of their gender, race or religion. All are equally qualified for the equal treatments.

Answer 17

Principle of justice

Question 18

a less than a decade-old gene-editing technology that has revolutionized the field of medical research and biotechnology owing to its efficiency, simplicity, and
cost-effectiveness.

Answer 18

CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats).

Question 19

It finds the target DNA sequence in the cell and
performs desired edits to the gene sequence, all by itself.

Answer 19

CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats).

Question 20

Concerns regarding CRISPR (4)

Answer 20

• germline editing concerns
• biosafety concerns
• ecological disequilibrium
• regulatory bypass

Question 21

involves making genetic modifications to human embryos and reproductive cells.

Answer 21

Germline Editing

Question 22

CRISPR, in the wrong hands, could bring in new
dangers. It can be used to make dangerous pathogens more potent.

Answer 22

Biosafety concerns

Question 23

As genetically engineered organisms are introduced, they can reduce the genetic diversity of the targeted population. As this organism can spread to other populations through cross-breeding, it can also affect the genetic diversity of these populations.

Answer 23

ecological disequilibrium

Question 24

Ethical Issues involved in CRISPR (3)

Answer 24

• safety
• justice and equity
• informed consent

Question 25

edits in the wrong place

Answer 25

off-target effects

Question 26

only some cells carry the edits from genetic manipulation

Answer 26

mosaicism

Question 27

Genome editing, like many other new technologies, is accessible mainly to rich people in society. This has the potential to increase existing disparities in access to healthcare and other interventions.

Answer 27

justice & equity

Question 28

the chemical synthesis of a DNA sequence that represents one or more genes.

Answer 28

Artificial gene synthesis (AGS)

Question 29

The technology broadens the scope of biological experiments by providing a method to efficiently produce long stretches of natural and non-natural nucleic acid sequences.

Answer 29

AGS technology

Question 30

used to make custom plasmid optimize gene expression, produce recombinant antibodies, study mutant genes, and even design and synthesize DNA vaccines.

Answer 30

gene synthesis

Question 31

*In ____, scientists typically stitch together long stretches of DNA and insert them into an organism's genome. These synthesized pieces of DNA could be genes that are found in other organisms or they could be entirely new.

Answer 31

synthetic biology

Question 32

in ________, scientists typically use tools to make smaller changes to the organism's DNA.

Answer 32

genome editing

Question 33

can be used to delete or add small stretches of DNA in the genome.

Answer 33

genome editing tools

Question 34

ethical issues in AGS (4)

Answer 34

* playinng God * Organisms or machine * misuse of knowledge * who would be responsible

Question 35

creation of entities that fall somewhere between living things and machines.

Answer 35

Organisms or machines?

Question 36

accessibility and advantages of this technology make it a potentially attractive instrument, for example, for bioterrorism.

Answer 36

misuse of knowledge

Question 37

AGS will enable humans to create life from non-living, inorganic matter. The concern is that humans fail to recognize their limitations, for example, by overestimating their ability to control complex ecosystems.

Answer 37

playing God