Physics 5-6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Identify the three types of nuclear emission
alpha (α)
beta (β)
gamma (γ)
Define the half-life of a particular isotope
The time taken for half the nuclei of that
isotope in any sample to decay
State the applications of radioactivity (4)
Household fire (smoke) alarms
Irradiating food to kill bacteria
Sterilisation of equipment using gamma rays
Diagnosis and treatment of cancer using
gamma rays
State the effects of ionising nuclear radiation
on living things
Cell death
Mutations
Cancer
Describe the star of the Solar System
Sun
Name the eight named planets and know their
order from the Sun
1.Mercury
2.Venus
3.Earth
4.Mars
5.Jupiter
6.Saturn
7.Uranus
8.Neptune
State the minor planets that orbit the Sun
Dwarf planets such as Pluto
Asteroids in the asteroid belt
The Sun is the closest star to the …
Earth
Astronomical distances can be measured
in …
Light-years, where one light-year is the distance travelled in the vacuum of space by light in one year
The Sun contains most of the …
Mass of the Solar System and this explains why the planets orbit the Sun
The force that keeps an object in orbit around the Sun is …
Due to the gravitational attraction of the Sun
The Sun is a star of …
Medium size, consisting mostly of hydrogen and helium
The Sun is a star that radiates most of its energy by …
Infrared, visible and ultraviolet regions of the
electromagnetic spectrum
Stable stars are formed as …
Protostars from interstellar clouds of gas and
dust due to gravitational attraction
Know the stages of the life cycle of a small mass star
red giant → white dwarf + planetary nebula
Know the stages of the life cycle of a large mass star
red supergiant → supernova → neutron star
Know the stages of the life cycle of a very large mass star
red supergiant → supernova → black hole
Galaxies are each made up of …
Many billions of stars
The Sun is a star in the galaxy known as …
The Milky Way
Other stars that make up the Milky Way
are …
Much further away from the Earth than the Sun is from the Earth
The Milky Way is one of …
Many billions of galaxies making up the Universe
State the approximatelty diameter of the Milky Way
100000 light-years
