Biology-Natural selection/evolution

Question 1

Define

Species

Answer 1

A group of organism that can breed with each other

Question 2

Define

Habitat

Answer 2

Where an animal/plant species live

Question 3

Define

Community

Answer 3

A lot of the same animals/ plants in the same place

Question 4

Define

Biodiversity

Answer 4

A lot of different communities in one place.The more diverse the communities, the higher the biodiversity

Question 5

Will a small jungle be more diverse than a large potato field?

Answer 5

Yes

The jungle may be small but it has more communities in it

Question 6

Define

Competition

Answer 6

How animals try to fight against other animals to survive, only allowing the fittest to thrive

Question 7

Explain

“Survial of the fittest”

Answer 7

Essentially, it means that the forms or traits that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to leave more offspring in successive generations

Question 8

What are the four animal competitions?

Answer 8

• Food
• Territory
• Water
• Mates

Question 9

What are the four plant competitions?

Answer 9

• Light
• Space
• Water/minerals
• Pollinaters

Question 10

What is the difference between

Interspecific and Intraspecific competition

Answer 10

• Interspecific: Between different species
• Intraspecific: Between same species

Question 11

Define

Food chain/cycle/web

Answer 11

A diagram that shows the flow of nutrients through an ecoystem’s inhabitants eating of eachother.

Question 12

Define

Trophic level

Answer 12

The energy level at which an animal is in a food chain/cycle/web.The higher the level, the less energy the animal recieves,and the more food it’s needs to survive.

Basically survial of the fittest

Question 13

Define

Producer

Answer 13

An organism which produces it’s own food using light.

Eg:Plants,algae,amobea

Question 14

Define

Comuser

Answer 14

Organism who comsumes other organisms

Question 15

Define

Primary comuser

Answer 15

An organism who comsumes only producers

Eg:Cows,Parrots,Vegans

Question 16

Define

Secondary Comuser

Answer 16

One who comsumes other comsuers/producers

Eg:Buffalo,Blackbird,Us

Question 17

Define

Top predator

Answer 17

The animal of the highest trophic level in a food chain/cycle/web, who is not/rarley eaten by other comsuer

Eg:Eagle,lion,Around 50% of the human population

Question 18

Define

Decomposer

Answer 18

Organism who decomposethe remains of an eaten animal/plant in which the comsuer has not comsumed

Question 19

Define

Predator

Answer 19

An animals which hunts and kills other animal for it’s food

Question 20

Define

Prey

Answer 20

An animal who is hunted, or killed by other predators.

Question 21

Define

Scavenger

Answer 21

An animal who eats the remains of a dead animal

Question 22

Define

Herbivore

Answer 22

An organism who eats only producers

Question 23

Define

Carnivore

Answer 23

An organism who eats only comusers

Question 24

Define

Ommivore

Answer 24

An organism who eats both producers and comsumers

Question 25

How many steps are in the predator/prey cycle?

Answer 25

4

Question 26

# What is the difference between Biotic and Abiotic

Answer 26

* Biotic: Living factors(Eg: Another predator eats too many prey) * Abiotic: Non-living factors(Eg: A flood kills of many of the animals in the community , weakening them)

Question 27

# Define Variants

Answer 27

Individuals that are similar but not the same, they be caused by genetics(during fertilisation), environment, or both.

Question 28

# Define Variantation

Answer 28

Different charastics between organisms

Question 29

# What is the difference between Countionous and Non-countionous

Answer 29

* Continuous:Numeric Variantations (Eg: Height) * Non-continuous:Categoric Variantation(Eg: Eye colour) ## Footnote (yes different heightened animals are variants, we just don't call it out)

Question 30

# What is the difference between Inherited and Enviromental variantations?

Answer 30

* Inherited:Charateristics given to an organism by their parent organism(s) * Enviromental:Characteristics given to an organsim, based on it's enviroment, and where it lives.

Question 31

# What does this stand for: DNA

Answer 31

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 32

What is the name of DNA's sturcture?

Answer 32

Double helix

Question 33

What are the rungs of DNA called?

Answer 33

Nucleotides

Question 34

Nulecitotoes bonds(Quanies):

Answer 34

* A to T * C to G

Question 35

# Define Genes

Answer 35

A sequence of nucelotides in a certian order that, whne read by ribsomes, act as insturctions for making proteins in the cell

Question 36

# Define Chromsones

Answer 36

* Thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. * They are made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). * Each chromosome carries genetic information, or genes, that determine an individual’s traits and characteristics

Question 37

How many chromsones does the average human have.

Answer 37

46

Question 38

* Mitosis makes? * Meiosis makes?

Answer 38

* Body cells * Sex cells

Question 39

Which two group of men were responsible for the discovery of DNA

Answer 39

* Frankin and Watkins * Watson and Cricle

Question 40

# Define Mutations

Answer 40

When the DNA makes a mistake in translation, causing an abnormal feature.

Question 41

# Define Adaptation

Answer 41

A feature of an organism that helps said organism to survive in it's habitat

Question 42

# Define What are the three adaptation types:

Answer 42

* Sturctual:Adaptations to do with a physical part of the organism body * Behavioural:Adaptations to do with the organism behaviour * Physicological:Adaptation to do with the organism chosing to perform a process/mutation in order to survive

Question 43

# Define Exinction

Answer 43

When the last memeber of a species dies with offspring, causing the disaperance of the species worldwide.

Question 44

# List The Exinction scale

Answer 44

1. Exinct 2. Exinct in Wild 3. Critically Endangered 4. Endangered 5. Vunerabe 6. Near-Theartened 7. Least Concern 8. Data Deficent 9. Not Evaluated

Question 45

# List Some ways to protect endangered animals(5)

Answer 45

* Animal charaties * National trusts * National parks * Zoos * Protection orders on species

Question 46

# Define Fossils

Answer 46

The mineralized ,partial or complete form of an organism, or of an organism’s activity, that has been preserved as a cast, impression, or mold.

Question 47

# Define Fossil record

Answer 47

History of all life on earth as documented by fossils