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Current trends In Microbiology > Biosensors > Flashcards

Biosensors Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Father of Biosensors

A

Prof. Leland C Clark Jnr (1918-2005)

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2
Q

What did Proff. Clark do?

A

Father of Clark electrode

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3
Q

Components of biosensors

A
  1. Sensitive biological element
  2. Transducer / detector element
  3. Biosensor reader device
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4
Q

Field Effect Transistor

A

Uses an electric field to control the shape and hence the conductivity of a channel of one type of charge carrier in a semi conductor material

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5
Q

_ and _ are some other important electrodes (potentiometric biosensors)

A

Ammonia-selective, CO2 selective

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6
Q

Type of potentiometric biosensor

A

Ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFET)
Low price
Can be used in miniaturization of potentiometric biosensor

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7
Q

Types of Electrochemical biosensors

A
  1. Amperometric
  2. Potentiometric
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8
Q

Name of scientists which used amperometric biosensors

A

Wang and Kawde (2001)!

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9
Q

What did Wang and Kawde do

A

Used chrono-potentiometric transduction biosensors to determine that mutations of BRC1 and BRC2 are associated with hereditary breast cancer

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10
Q

BRC

A

Breast Cancer

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11
Q

CA

A

Cancer Antigen

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12
Q

CEA

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen

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13
Q

ING

A

Inhibitors of Growth

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14
Q

HER/NEU

A

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

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15
Q

ER/PR

A

Estrogen/Progesterone Receptors

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16
Q

EGF

A

Epidermal Growth Factor

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17
Q

SCC

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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18
Q

NSE

A

Neuron Specific Enolase

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19
Q

NY-ESO

A

Tumour antigen of the cancer/testis family

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20
Q

HCG

A

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

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21
Q

AFP

Study These Flashcards
A

Alpha-fetoprotein

22
Q

CASA

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A

Cancer Associated Serum Antigen

23
Q

MCA

Study These Flashcards
A

Mucinous Carcinoma Antigen

24
Q

MVO

Study These Flashcards
A

Major vault protein

25
TAG
Tumour Associated Glycoprotein
26
PSA
Prostate Specific Antigen
27
___ are a newly emerging class of biosensors that use an optical transducer
Photonic crystal biosensors
28
By using photonic biosensors scientists were able to monitor changes in proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells exposed to _ and determine the __ of ___
Doxorubicin , IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration)
29
Throat cancer has been diagnosed and monitor by
Esophageal layer florescence-based optical biosensor
30
_ and _ that use piezoelectric technology have been proven useful in the identification of cancer bio markers
Immuno-sensors, micro-cantilever sensors
31
Piezoelectric biosensor + PCR to detect
P53 genes
32
A good eg of conductometric biosensor is
Urea biosensor utilizing immobilized urease
33
__ are less common than other biosensors for cancer diagnostics
Colorimetric biosensors
34
Cholesterol
Cholesterol oxidase
35
Esters
Chymotrypsin
36
Hydrogen peroxide se
Catalase
37
Peptides
Trypsin
38
Starch
Amylase
39
Sucrose
Invertase
40
Scientists were able to differentiate two cells using gold nanoparticles
1. Acute leukaemia cells 2. Burkitts lymphoma
41
__ of money in biosensor market is due to activities related to medicine
64%
42
Working of glucose biosensor
GOD breaks down glucose__> 2 electrons reduce FAD to FADH2___>FADH2 oxidized by the electrode___> current generated is measure of conc of glucose
43
Marker of myocardial injury
Troponin
44
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
Automatically convert the fatal heart rhythm known as ventricular fibrillation
45
IoT
Network of physical objects or “things” embedded with electronics, software sensors and network connectivity
46
NFC
Near Field Communication
47
Naturally bioluminescent bacteria such as marine bacterium ___ requires saline conditions and a particular pH range
Vibro Fischeri
48
Structural genes which show bioluminescence example
luxCDABE (May be inserted in random sites of chromosomal DNA of soil bacterium Pseudomonas fluoroscence
49
Lux genes must be inserted downstream from a
Constitute P. Fluoroscence promoter
50
___ fish is used as biosensor of environmental pollutants
Transgenic medaka
51
What happens in transgenic medaka fish
The promoter from medaka vitellogenin gene (Pvit) was cloned upstream of the gfp reporter gene encoding green fluorescent protein and construct was introduced in medaka fish

Current trends In Microbiology (7 decks)

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