Blind Low Vision

Question 1

what is blindness and low vision

Answer 1

inability to see or lack of vision
cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, eye drops, medical therapy

Question 2

4 types of blindness

Answer 2

1. partial
   - low vision
2. complete
   - cannot see
3. congenital
   - poor vision you are born with
4. nutritional
   - vision loss from vitamin A deficiency

Question 3

stats

Answer 3

2.2 billion people have near or distance vision impairments
more common in older adults
vision impairment is a massive global financial burden

Question 4

physical features

Answer 4

wiggling, drifting of eyes
lack of eye movement
cross eyed
lack of eye contact
cloudy or opaque corneas

Question 5

cognitive features

Answer 5

difficulty with objective recognition
altered spatial awareness
enhanced auditory memory

Question 6

emotional features

Answer 6

resilience and adaptability
social confidence and anxiety
emotional regulation

Question 7

social features

Answer 7

varied social interaction styles
social isolation or exclusive
reliance on structured social support

Question 8

intrapersonal barriers

Answer 8

reduced self confidence
emotional and mental health challenges
anxiety about approaching social settings

Question 9

interpersonal

Answer 9

lack of understanding from peers
difficulty building relationships
social exclusion
bullying and teasing

Question 10

structural barriers

Answer 10

access to educational materials
inability to participate in organized sport
independence restrictions

Question 11

sociocultural

Answer 11

lack representation
stigma and discrimination
limited education on how to approach a blind person

Question 12

instructional management

Answer 12

read out loud
assistive tech
ensure proper
large print or braille

Question 13

environmental management

Answer 13

keep items in predictable locations
warning to students if layout is changed
provide easy access to braille equipment

Question 14

test and assessment management

Answer 14

allow assistive tech
provide braille
provide extra time
quiet space
oral testing

Question 15

social management

Answer 15

peer work and group activities
educate students on blind/low vision
promote engagement

Question 16

STEP Framework

Answer 16

S
- clear space
- good lighting
T
- verbal cues
- familiarize with the task and environment
E
- balls with bells
- use texture equipment
P
- pair with sighted partner
- train instructors