Down Syndrome Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is down syndrome
inherited from genetics of chromosome 21
influence brain and body
Three Types of Down Syndrome and their Likely-hood
- Trisomy - 95%
- Translocation - 3%
- Mosaic - 2%
What Causes Down Syndrome
- random error in cell division called nondisjunction
- extra copy of chromosome 21
Prenatal Diagnosis
- screening test and diagnostic tests
- blood tests on parents
- prenatal screens detect chromosomal material from fetus
Person, Place and time
person
- happen to anyone, higher chance in males
- born with it
- 1 in 800 newborns
place
- DNA within the cell
- chromosome 21
time
- fetal development
- conception
physical features
- single palmar crease
- small ears, feet, hands
- shortened height and slowed growth
- poor muscle tone and joint strength
Cognitive features
- slowed brain development
- slowed speech and language abilities
- visual and auditory senses disrupted
Older Features
almost all will have Alzheimer when adults
characteristics features
reduced attention span, stubbornness, impulsivity
emotional features
- feel all emotions
- 50% will experience major mental health concerns
- anxiety, OCD, tics, depression
social features
- want to interact
- speech difficulties
- struggle maintaining friendships
physical barriers
motor delays
low muscle tone
physical stigma
cognitive barriers
intellectual disabilities
memory and attention
speech and language delays
social barriers
excluded from friends
social stigma
private/ home schooling
management strategies: behavioural, educational, family
behavioural
- avoid triggering situations
- communication strategies
- sensory breaks
educational
- visual aids
- simple language
- kinaesthetic learning
family
- social
- parental involvement
- structured routines
STEP framework
S
- reduce distractions
- clear boundaries
T
- simplify instructions
- increase reps
E
- adjust size of equipment
- used textured equipment
P
- buddy system
- positive reinforcement
