Block 1 GI Flashcards copy
(128 cards)
1
Q
abdomin/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
celi/o
A
abdomen
3
Q
lapar/o
A
abdomen
4
Q
an/o
A
anus
5
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
6
Q
bil/i
A
bile
7
Q
chol/e
A
bile
8
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
9
Q
cheil/o
A
lip
10
Q
col/o
A
colon
11
Q
colon/o
A
colon
12
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder or sac
13
Q
dent/i
A
teeth
14
Q
doch/o
A
duct
15
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
16
Q
enter/o
A
small intestine
17
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
18
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
19
Q
gingiv/o
A
gum
20
Q
gloss/o
A
tongue
21
Q
lingu/o
A
liver
22
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
23
Q
hepatic/o
A
liver
24
Q
herni/o
A
hernia
25
ile/o
ileum
26
inguin/o
groin
27
jejun/o
jejunum (empty)
28
lith/o
stone
29
or/o
mouth
30
stomat/o
mouth
31
pancreat/o
pancreas
32
peritone/o
peritoneum
33
phag/o
eat or swallow
34
proct/o
anus and rectum
35
pylor/o
pylorus (gatekeeper)
36
rect/o
rectum
37
sial/o
saliva
38
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon (resembles)
39
steat/o
fat
40
-emesis
vomiting
41
-al
pertaining to
42
-stomy
surgical creation of an opening
43
-scopy
the process of examination using a scope
44
-ic
pertaining to
45
-centesis
a puncture
46
-iasis
formation of or presence of
47
-tomy
an incision
48
aphagia
condition of being unable to eat
49
-lysis
breaking down or dissolution
50
salivary glands
three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: parotid, submandibular, sublingual
51
frenulum
a band-like membrane that secures the tongue
52
pharynx
throat; passageway for food traveling to the esophagus and for air traveling to the larynx
53
cardiac sphincter
opening from the esophagus to the stomach
54
pyloric sphincter
opening from the stomach into the duodenum
55
duodenum
first portion of the small intestine
56
jejunum
second portion of the small intestine
57
ileum
third portion of the small intestine
58
cecum
first part of the large intestine
59
vermiform appendix
worm-like projection of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function; may help to resist infection
60
vermi
worm
61
rectal ampulla
dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal
62
peritoneal cavity
space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
63
omentum
extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with other abdominal organs
64
Anatomic divisions of the abdomen:
R/L hypochondriac, R/L lumbar, R/L inguinal, epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric
65
Clinical divisions of the abdomen:
RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
66
anorexia
loss of appetite
67
ascites
accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
68
buccal
in the cheek
69
ascos
bag
70
eructation
belch
71
hematochezia
red blood in the stool
72
chezo
defecate
73
icterus
yellow discoloration of the skin, slera, and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood (same as jaundice)
74
melena
dark-colored, tarry stool caused by old blood
75
steatorrhea
feces containing fat
76
ankyloglossia
a defect of the tongue characterized by a short, thick frenulum
77
esophageal varices
swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage
78
parotiditis, parotitis
inflammation of the parotid gland; also called mumps
79
sialoadenitis
inflammation of a salivary gland
80
anal fistula
abnormal, tube-like passageway from the anus that may connect with the rectum
81
pediculated polyp
projected on a stalk
82
sessile polyp
lying flat on the surface
83
colorectal polyps
benign tissue growths on the mucous membrane lining the large intestine and rectum; adenomatous types are precancerous and likely to develop into malignancy
84
diverticulum
an abnormal side pocket in the GI tract; usually related to a lack of dietary fiber
85
hiatal hernia
protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through the opening in the diaphragm
86
inguinal hernia
protrusion of a loop of the intestine through layers of the abdominal wall in the inguinal region
87
incarcerated hernia
hernia that is swollen and fixed within a sac, causing an obstruction
88
strangulated hernia
hernia that is constricted, cut off from circulation, and likely to become gangrenous
89
umbilical hernia
protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the umbilicus
90
intussusception
prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of the adjoining part
91
intus
within
92
suscipiens
to take up
93
volvulus
twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction
94
cholangitis
inflammation of the bile ducts
95
choledocholithiasis
presence of stones in the common bile duct
96
cirrhosis
chronic disease characterized by a degneration of liver tissue; most often caused by alcoholism or a nutritional deficiency
97
Hepatitis A
inflammation of the liver caused by HAV usually transmitted by fecal-oral route
98
Hepatitis B
inflammation of the liver caused by HBV which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids
99
Hepatitis C
inflammation of the liver caused by HCV which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood
100
incisional biopsy
removal of a portion of a lesion
101
excisional biopsy
removal of an entire lesion
102
needle biopsy
percutaneous removal of tissue or fluid using a special, hollow needle (esp for liver bx)
103
esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
examination of linings with endoscope for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes
104
capsule endoscopy
examination of small intestine mady by tiny video camera placed in a capsule
105
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
endoscopic procedure including x-ray fluoroscopy to examine ducts of liver, gallbladder, biliary ducts, and pancreas
106
laparoscopy
exam of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope for diagnostic purposes and/or to perform surgery
107
upper GI series
x-ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after pt swallows contast medium
108
barium swallow
x-ray of the esophagus only; often used to locate swallowed objects
109
fluoroscopy
x-ray imaging with a fluorescent screen to visualize structures in motion (during a Ba swallow)
110
small bowel series
x-ray exam of small intestine often done along with upper gi series
111
lower GI series
x-ray imaging of the colon after administration of an enema containing a contrast medium
112
stool culture and sensitivity
isolation of stool specimen in culture medium to identify disease-causing organisms; if organisms present, the drugs to which they are sensitive are listed
113
C&S
culture and sensitivity
114
stool occult blood study
chemical test of stool specimen to detect presence of blood
115
abdominocentesis
puncture of abdomen for fluid aspiration
116
abdominal paracentesis
puncture of abdomen for aspiration of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
117
anastomosis
union of two hollow vessels; a technique used in bowel surgery
118
bariatric surgery
treatment of morbid obesity by surgery to the stomach and/or intestines; restrictive and malabsorptive techniques
119
gastric resection
partial removal and repair of stomach
120
gastroenterostomy
formation of artificial opening between the stomach and small intestine; often performed at the time of gastrectomy to route food from the remainder of the stomach to the intestine; also performed to repair a perforated duodenal ulcer
121
-rraphy
suture
122
gastric lavage
oral insertion of tube into stomach for exam and treatment, such as to remove blood clots from the stomach or to monitor bleeding
123
nasogastric intubation
insertion of tube through the nose and into the stomach for various purposes, such as to obtain gastric fluid specimen
124
NG
nasogastric
125
cathartic
drug that causes movement of the bowels; aka a laxative
126
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
127
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
128
EUS
endoscopic ultrasonography
