Block 2 Integument

Question 1

What tissues are included in the integumentary system?

Answer 1

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

Question 2

What are the 4 functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 2

protect from injury, protect for microbes, regulate temp, house sensory receptors

Question 3

What are the 4 signs of melanoma?

Answer 3

A: asymmetry; B: border irregularity; C: color; D: diameter > 6mm

Question 4

adip/o

Answer 4

fat

Question 5

lip/o

Answer 5

fat

Question 6

steat/o

Answer 6

fat

Question 7

hidr/o

Answer 7

sweat

Question 8

hist/o

Answer 8

tissue

Question 9

histi/o

Answer 9

tissue

Question 10

kerat/o

Answer 10

hard

Question 11

melan/o

Answer 11

black

Question 12

myc/o

Answer 12

fungus

Question 13

plas/o

Answer 13

formation

Question 14

scler/o

Answer 14

hard

Question 15

squam/o

Answer 15

scale

Question 16

trich/o

Answer 16

hair

Question 17

xanth/o

Answer 17

yellow

Question 18

xer/o

Answer 18

dry

Question 19

trichorrhexis

Answer 19

a broken or split hair

Question 20

cell in basal layer that gives color to skin

Answer 20

melanocyte

Question 21

layers of the skin?

Answer 21

CLGSB: corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basal

Question 22

an area of pathologically altered tissue

Answer 22

lesion

Question 23

what are the 2 types of lesions?

Answer 23

primary & secondary

Question 24

a flat, discolored area on skin larger than 1 cm

Answer 24

patch

Question 25

an elevated, palpable solid mass on skin up to 0.5cm in diameter

Answer 25

papule

Question 26

an elevated palpable solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to skin surface

Answer 26

plaque

Question 27

lesions arising from previously normal skin

Answer 27

primary lesion

Question 28

a flat, discolored spot on skin up to 1cm across

Answer 28

macule or macula

Question 29

an elevated, palpable solid mass greater than 1cm that extends deeper into the epidermis

Answer 29

nodule

Question 30

an elevated, palpable solid mass larger than 1-2 cm

Answer 30

tumor

Question 31

a lesion that resuls from changes in primary lesions

Answer 31

secondary lesion

Question 32

a loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (e.g. after vesicle rupture)

Answer 32

erosion

Question 33

an open sore on skin or mucous membrane that can bleed or scar

Answer 33

ulcer

Question 34

a scratch mark

Answer 34

excoriation

Question 35

a linear crack in the skin

Answer 35

fissure

Question 36

a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis

Answer 36

scale

Question 37

a dried residue of serum, pus, or blood on the skin (like in impetigo)

Answer 37

crust

Question 38

lesions of a blood vessel

Answer 38

vascular lesion

Question 39

a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly

Answer 39

cherry angioma

Question 40

a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest

Answer 40

telangiectasia or spider angioma

Question 41

purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin

Answer 41

purpuric lesions

Question 42

spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura

Answer 42

petechia

Question 43

bruise; a blakc and blue mark; a large purpura

Answer 43

ecchymosis

Question 44

a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue

Answer 44

cicatrix of the skin

Question 45

a scar

Answer 45

cicatrix

Question 46

an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular

Answer 46

keloid

Question 47

skin tumors arising from the epidermis

Answer 47

epidermal tumors

Question 48

a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular, aka a mole

Answer 48

nevus

Question 49

a mole with precancerous changes

Answer 49

dysplastic nevus

Question 50

an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus; also called a wart

Answer 50

verruca

Question 51

baldness; a natural or unnatural deficiency of hair

Answer 51

alopecia

Question 52

a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle

Answer 52

comedo

Question 53

a comedo below the skin surface with a white center (whitehead)

Answer 53

closed comedo

Question 54

a comedo open to the skin surface with a black center (caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air)–aka a blackhead

Answer 54

open comedo

Question 55

appearance of a skin lesion

Answer 55

eruption

Question 56

redness of skin

Answer 56

erythema

Question 57

severe itching

Answer 57

pruritus

Question 58

a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease

Answer 58

rash

Question 59

skin color resulting from the presence of melanin

Answer 59

skin pigmentation

Question 60

loss of melanin pigment in the skin

Answer 60

depigmentation

Question 61

areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin

Answer 61

hypopigmentation

Question 62

darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin

Answer 62

hyperpigmentation

Question 63

production of purulent matter (pus)

Answer 63

suppuration

Question 64

hives; an eruption of wheal on the skin accompanied by itching

Answer 64

urticaria

Question 65

dry skin

Answer 65

xeroderma

Question 66

inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin evidenced by comedones (blackheads), pustules, or nodules on the skin

Answer 66

acne

Question 67

a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment

Answer 67

albinism

Question 68

injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases

Answer 68

burn

Question 69

a burn involving only the epidermis characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia

Answer 69

1st degree burn

Question 70

a burn involving the epidermis & dermis characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications

Answer 70

2nd degree burn

Question 71

a burn involving all layers of the skin characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue

Answer 71

3rd degree burn

Question 72

inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus, and various lesions

Answer 72

dermatitis

Question 73

any disorder of the skin

Answer 73

dermatosis

Question 74

an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease

Answer 74

exanthematous viral disease

Question 75

reddish German measles

Answer 75

rubella

Question 76

reddish 14-day measles

Answer 76

rubeola

Question 77

a tiny spot; chickenpox

Answer 77

varicella

Question 78

to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale, often with sensations of itching & burning

Answer 78

eczema

Question 79

boil; a painfule nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staphylococcus

Answer 79

furuncle

Question 80

a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles

Answer 80

carbuncle

Question 81

a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained or excised

Answer 81

abscess

Question 82

an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

Answer 82

gangrene

Question 83

transient viral vesicles (cold sores) that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose

Answer 83

HSV-1

Question 84

sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa. After infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur in times of stress

Answer 84

HSV-2

Question 85

a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves; usually unilateral; also known as shingles

Answer 85

herpes zoster

Question 86

a highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth & nostrils

Answer 86

impetigo

Question 87

thickened areas of epidermis

Answer 87

keratoses

Question 88

localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; a known precursor to skin cancer

Answer 88

actinic/solar keratoses

Question 89

benign, wart-like tumors; more common on elderly skin

Answer 89

seborrheic keratoses

Question 90

a chronic autoimmune dz characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body

Answer 90

lupus

Question 91

limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash, especially on the face, neck & scalp

Answer 91

cutaneous lupus

Question 92

a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often vital organs

Answer 92

systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 93

SLE

Answer 93

systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 94

skin cancer

Answer 94

malignant cutaneous neoplasm

Question 95

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium

Answer 95

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 96

SCC

Answer 96

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 97

BCC

Answer 97

basal cell carcinoma

Question 98

malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer

Answer 98

basal cell carcinoma

Question 99

malignant tumor composed of melanocytes

Answer 99

malignant melanoma

Question 100

malignant tumor of the walls of blod vessels appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin. Often spreads to the lymph nodes & internal organs. Commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS

Answer 100

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 101

inflammation of the fingernail or toenail

Answer 101

onychia

Question 102

inflammation of the nail fold

Answer 102

paronychia

Question 103

infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis

Answer 103

pediculosis

Question 104

itching; a chronic, recurrent skin dz marked by silvery scales covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells.

Answer 104

psoriasis

Question 105

a contagious dz caused by a mite that invades the skin to cause an intense itch, most often at articulations.

Answer 105

scabies

Question 106

a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands

Answer 106

seborrhea

Question 107

a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected

Answer 107

tinea

Question 108

commonly called ringworm

Answer 108

tinea

Question 109

a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin

Answer 109

vitiligo

Question 110

Bx

Answer 110

biopsy

Question 111

removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination

Answer 111

biopsy

Question 112

removal of an entire lesion

Answer 112

excisional biopsy

Question 113

removal of a selected portion of a lesion

Answer 113

incisional biopsy

Question 114

a technique using a surgical blade to shave tissue from the epidermis & upper dermis

Answer 114

shave biopsy

Question 115

a surgical technique that involves cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathologic examination

Answer 115

frozen section (FS)

Question 116

methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to, or injecting it into, the skin; commonly used in treating allergies

Answer 116

skin tests

Question 117

a test in which a substance is applied to the skin through a scratchs

Answer 117

scratch test

Question 118

a test in which a substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth

Answer 118

patch test

Question 119

removal of tissue after it has been destroyed by chemical means

Answer 119

chemosurgery

Question 120

a technique for restoring wrinkled, scarred, or blemished skin by applying an acid solution to “peel” away the top layers of the skin

Answer 120

chemical peel

Question 121

surgical removal of epidermis frozen by aerosol spray using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos, and or wrinkles

Answer 121

dermabrasion

Question 122

removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and to prevent infection

Answer 122

debridement

Question 123

cleaning; scraping a wound using a spoon-like cutting instrument called a curette; used for debridement

Answer 123

curettage

Question 124

use of electric current to destroy tissue; the type of strength in current and method of application vary

Answer 124

electrosurgical procedures

Question 125

use of an instrument heated by electric current (cautery) to coagulate bleeding areas by burning tissue

Answer 125

electrocautery

Question 126

use of high-frequency electric currents to destroy tissue by drying it; the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion

Answer 126

electrodessication

Question 127

to lighten; the use of long, high-frequency, electric sparks to destroy tissue; the active electrode does NOT touch the skin

Answer 127

fulguration

Question 128

incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion

Answer 128

incision & drainage

Question 129

I&D

Answer 129

incision & drainage

Question 130

laser acronym..?

Answer 130

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

Question 131

surgery using a laser in various dermatologic procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos, etc.

Answer 131

laser surgery

Question 132

technique used to excise tumors of the skin by removing fresh tissue, layer by later, until a tumor-free plane is reached

Answer 132

Mohs surgery

Question 133

transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin that has been lost through a burn or injury

Answer 133

skin grafting

Question 134

graft transfer to a new position in the body of the same person

Answer 134

autograft

Question 135

graft transfer between different species, such as from animal to human

Answer 135

heterograft or xenograft

Question 136

donor transfer between persons of the same species, such as human to human

Answer 136

homograft or allograft

Question 137

treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce

Answer 137

chemotherapy

Question 138

treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter the proliferation of malignant cells

Answer 138

radiation therapy

Question 139

use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases

Answer 139

sclerotherapy

Question 140

use of UV light to promote healing of a skin lesion

Answer 140

UV therapy

Question 141

FS

Answer 141

frozen section (FS)