Block 2 Integument Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
What tissues are included in the integumentary system?
A
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands
2
Q
What are the 4 functions of the integumentary system?
A
protect from injury, protect for microbes, regulate temp, house sensory receptors
3
Q
What are the 4 signs of melanoma?
A
A: asymmetry; B: border irregularity; C: color; D: diameter > 6mm
4
Q
adip/o
A
fat
5
Q
lip/o
A
fat
6
Q
steat/o
A
fat
7
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
8
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
9
Q
histi/o
A
tissue
10
Q
kerat/o
A
hard
11
Q
melan/o
A
black
12
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
13
Q
plas/o
A
formation
14
Q
scler/o
A
hard
15
Q
squam/o
A
scale
16
Q
trich/o
A
hair
17
Q
xanth/o
A
yellow
18
Q
xer/o
A
dry
19
Q
trichorrhexis
A
a broken or split hair
20
Q
cell in basal layer that gives color to skin
A
melanocyte
21
Q
layers of the skin?
A
CLGSB: corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basal
22
Q
an area of pathologically altered tissue
A
lesion
23
Q
what are the 2 types of lesions?
A
primary & secondary
24
Q
a flat, discolored area on skin larger than 1 cm
A
patch
25
an elevated, palpable solid mass on skin up to 0.5cm in diameter
papule
26
an elevated palpable solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to skin surface
plaque
27
lesions arising from previously normal skin
primary lesion
28
a flat, discolored spot on skin up to 1cm across
macule or macula
29
an elevated, palpable solid mass greater than 1cm that extends deeper into the epidermis
nodule
30
an elevated, palpable solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
tumor
31
a lesion that resuls from changes in primary lesions
secondary lesion
32
a loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (e.g. after vesicle rupture)
erosion
33
an open sore on skin or mucous membrane that can bleed or scar
ulcer
34
a scratch mark
excoriation
35
a linear crack in the skin
fissure
36
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis
scale
37
a dried residue of serum, pus, or blood on the skin (like in impetigo)
crust
38
lesions of a blood vessel
vascular lesion
39
a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
cherry angioma
40
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest
telangiectasia or spider angioma
41
purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin
purpuric lesions
42
spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura
petechia
43
bruise; a blakc and blue mark; a large purpura
ecchymosis
44
a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
cicatrix of the skin
45
a scar
cicatrix
46
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
keloid
47
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
epidermal tumors
48
a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular, aka a mole
nevus
49
a mole with precancerous changes
dysplastic nevus
50
an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus; also called a wart
verruca
51
baldness; a natural or unnatural deficiency of hair
alopecia
52
a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle
comedo
53
a comedo below the skin surface with a white center (whitehead)
closed comedo
54
a comedo open to the skin surface with a black center (caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air)--aka a blackhead
open comedo
55
appearance of a skin lesion
eruption
56
redness of skin
erythema
57
severe itching
pruritus
58
a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease
rash
59
skin color resulting from the presence of melanin
skin pigmentation
60
loss of melanin pigment in the skin
depigmentation
61
areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin
hypopigmentation
62
darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
hyperpigmentation
63
production of purulent matter (pus)
suppuration
64
hives; an eruption of wheal on the skin accompanied by itching
urticaria
65
dry skin
xeroderma
66
inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin evidenced by comedones (blackheads), pustules, or nodules on the skin
acne
67
a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment
albinism
68
injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
burn
69
a burn involving only the epidermis characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia
1st degree burn
70
a burn involving the epidermis & dermis characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications
2nd degree burn
71
a burn involving all layers of the skin characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue
3rd degree burn
72
inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus, and various lesions
dermatitis
73
any disorder of the skin
dermatosis
74
an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
exanthematous viral disease
75
reddish German measles
rubella
76
reddish 14-day measles
rubeola
77
a tiny spot; chickenpox
varicella
78
to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale, often with sensations of itching & burning
eczema
79
boil; a painfule nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staphylococcus
furuncle
80
a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles
carbuncle
81
a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained or excised
abscess
82
an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
gangrene
83
transient viral vesicles (cold sores) that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose
HSV-1
84
sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa. After infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur in times of stress
HSV-2
85
a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves; usually unilateral; also known as shingles
herpes zoster
86
a highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth & nostrils
impetigo
87
thickened areas of epidermis
keratoses
88
localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; a known precursor to skin cancer
actinic/solar keratoses
89
benign, wart-like tumors; more common on elderly skin
seborrheic keratoses
90
a chronic autoimmune dz characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body
lupus
91
limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash, especially on the face, neck & scalp
cutaneous lupus
92
a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often vital organs
systemic lupus erythematosus
93
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
94
skin cancer
malignant cutaneous neoplasm
95
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium
squamous cell carcinoma
96
SCC
squamous cell carcinoma
97
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
98
malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma
99
malignant tumor composed of melanocytes
malignant melanoma
100
malignant tumor of the walls of blod vessels appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin. Often spreads to the lymph nodes & internal organs. Commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
101
inflammation of the fingernail or toenail
onychia
102
inflammation of the nail fold
paronychia
103
infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis
pediculosis
104
itching; a chronic, recurrent skin dz marked by silvery scales covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells.
psoriasis
105
a contagious dz caused by a mite that invades the skin to cause an intense itch, most often at articulations.
scabies
106
a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
seborrhea
107
a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected
tinea
108
commonly called ringworm
tinea
109
a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin
vitiligo
110
Bx
biopsy
111
removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination
biopsy
112
removal of an entire lesion
excisional biopsy
113
removal of a selected portion of a lesion
incisional biopsy
114
a technique using a surgical blade to shave tissue from the epidermis & upper dermis
shave biopsy
115
a surgical technique that involves cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathologic examination
frozen section (FS)
116
methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to, or injecting it into, the skin; commonly used in treating allergies
skin tests
117
a test in which a substance is applied to the skin through a scratchs
scratch test
118
a test in which a substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth
patch test
119
removal of tissue after it has been destroyed by chemical means
chemosurgery
120
a technique for restoring wrinkled, scarred, or blemished skin by applying an acid solution to "peel" away the top layers of the skin
chemical peel
121
surgical removal of epidermis frozen by aerosol spray using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos, and or wrinkles
dermabrasion
122
removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and to prevent infection
debridement
123
cleaning; scraping a wound using a spoon-like cutting instrument called a curette; used for debridement
curettage
124
use of electric current to destroy tissue; the type of strength in current and method of application vary
electrosurgical procedures
125
use of an instrument heated by electric current (cautery) to coagulate bleeding areas by burning tissue
electrocautery
126
use of high-frequency electric currents to destroy tissue by drying it; the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion
electrodessication
127
to lighten; the use of long, high-frequency, electric sparks to destroy tissue; the active electrode does NOT touch the skin
fulguration
128
incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion
incision & drainage
129
I&D
incision & drainage
130
laser acronym..?
light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
131
surgery using a laser in various dermatologic procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos, etc.
laser surgery
132
technique used to excise tumors of the skin by removing fresh tissue, layer by later, until a tumor-free plane is reached
Mohs surgery
133
transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin that has been lost through a burn or injury
skin grafting
134
graft transfer to a new position in the body of the same person
autograft
135
graft transfer between different species, such as from animal to human
heterograft or xenograft
136
donor transfer between persons of the same species, such as human to human
homograft or allograft
137
treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
chemotherapy
138
treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter the proliferation of malignant cells
radiation therapy
139
use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases
sclerotherapy
140
use of UV light to promote healing of a skin lesion
UV therapy
141
FS
frozen section (FS)
