Block 12 Formative Feedback

Question 1

Which nerve innervates the levator palpabrae superior is?

Answer 1

Oculomotor nerve

Question 2

What is mydriasis?

Answer 2

Constriction of pupil

Question 3

What is bitemporal hemanopia?

Answer 3

Half of vision is affected on each side, due to lesion of the optic chiasm.

Question 4

Damage to visual field

Answer 4

Occurs due to lesion in the optic tract, lateral geniculate nucleus or the visual cortex

Contralateral vision loss

Question 5

Ipsilateral vision loss

Answer 5

Optic nerve lesion

Question 6

Vision loss with macular sparing

Answer 6

Visual cortex lesion due to bilateral representation of macular on both cortex.

Question 7

What is the macula?

Answer 7

Region in the retina for colour vision and fine detail. It is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery.

Question 8

What is the superior tarsal muscle?

Answer 8

Maintains elevation of eyelid, innervated by the sympathetic chain.

Question 9

Which system is responsible for mydriasis?

Answer 9

Sympathetic chain via dilator pupillae

Question 10

Innervation to stapedius muscle

Answer 10

Facial nerve

Question 11

What is Cauda Equina Syndrome?

Answer 11

Cauda equine syndrome involves cord compression and produces bilateral symptoms both sensory sacrum, perineum and motors defect to the lower limbs

Causes loss of anal tone, perianal sensation and lower limb paresis

Question 12

Which cranial nerves are Ipsilateral?

Answer 12

All of them excluding trochlear nerve

Question 13

Which cranial nerve is contralateral?

Answer 13

Trochlear nerve, innervating the superior oblique.

Question 14

Cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage?

Answer 14

Berry aneurysm

Question 15

Bone conduction is better than air conduction

Answer 15

Conductive hearing loss

Question 16

Air conduction is better than bone conduction

Answer 16

Sensineural hearing loss
With vertigo: vestibulocochlear damage
Without vertigo: hair cell damage

Question 17

Which ganglion controls the pupillary reflex?

Answer 17

Ciliary ganglion via the Edinger-Westphalia nucleus of parasympathetic system.

Question 18

What is the cause of a lump inferolateral to pubic tubercle?

Answer 18

Femoral canal herniation

Question 19

What is the cause of a lump superolateral to pubic tubercle?

Answer 19

Inguinal hernia

Question 20

What is indirect inguinal hernia?

Answer 20

Present at birth, through deep and superficial inguinal ring

Question 21

What is direct inguinal hernia?

Answer 21

Over time through transversalis fascia of Hasselbach’s triangle

Question 22

What are the structures in the femoral canal lateral to media?

Answer 22

NAVEL
Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Empty space
Lymphatics

Question 23

Which artery passes between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal?

Answer 23

Dorsalis pedis artery

Question 24

What is posterior to the medial malleolus?

Answer 24

Tarsal tunnel so:
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibia artery nad Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus

Question 25

Which nerve is injured in loss of extension to MCP?

Answer 25

Extensor muscles are lost, so radial nerve injury

Question 26

What doe C5 and C6 myotome control?

Answer 26

Biceps reflex

Question 27

What is the control of triceps reflex?

Answer 27

C7

Question 28

What is the sensation to medial border of forearm?

Answer 28

C8

Question 29

What is the control of muscles of hand?

Answer 29

C8 and t1

Question 30

Dinner fork deformity

Answer 30

Colles fracture affecting distal radius

Question 31

What is the cause of dislociation elbow in children?

Answer 31

Slipping of RADIUS out of ANNULAR ligament

Question 32

What is the origin of hamstring muscles?

Answer 32

Ischial tubersoity.

Question 33

What courses droppping of the left pelvis?

Answer 33

Lack of support from gluteal muscles on RIGHT side due to RIGHT superior gluteal nerve injury