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Anatomy > Block 8 Non-Clinicals > Flashcards

Block 8 Non-Clinicals Flashcards

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1
Q

diaphragmatic innervation

A 
phrenicc nerve (C3,4,5)
intercostal nerves (T6-T12)
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2
Q

heads of diaphragm

A

sternal
costal
lumbar (vertebral)

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3
Q

sternocostal triangles

A

anterolateral gaps btwn sternal and costal heads

superior epigastric vessels traverse here

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4
Q

cardiophrenic space

A

above sternocostal triangles

borders: ant wall, pericardium, mediastinal pleura

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5
Q

retrocrural space

A

border: crura, AA, lumbar spine
contain: azygous + hemiazygous vs, thoracic duct, lymph nodes, fat

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6
Q

lumbocostal triangle

A

gap btwn L costal head and L lumbar head (smaller i=on R)

@ posterior sulcus

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7
Q

lumbar head origins

A
  1. medial arcuate ligament: attach to body of L2 and TP of L1, arch over psoas major
  2. lateral arcuate ligament: attachesto TP of L1 and mid rib 12, arches of quadratus lumborum
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8
Q

esophageal hiatus

A

@ T10
made from sling of R crus
contain: esophagus, ant/post vagal trunk (L/R vagal nerve), esophageal branches of L gastric a/v and L phrenic a/v

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9
Q

R crus (+ innervation)

A

inf: L3 to central tendon
contribute to ligament of Trietz
pinchcock atcion assist in LES fxn (contract @ insp, relax @ exp)
innervate: R phrenic nerve

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10
Q

L crus

A

inf: L2 to central tendon

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11
Q

aortic hiatus

A

@ T12
made by crura and median arcuate ligamnet
contain: AA, thoracic duct (custerna chyli below or straddling hiatus)

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12
Q

median vs medial vs lateral arcuate ligament

A

median: aortic hiatus, celiac trunk
medial: lumbar head, symp trunk
lateral: lumbar head, subcostal n,

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13
Q

caval opening

A

aka venal caval hiatus
@ T8
contain: IVC, R phrenic nerve

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14
Q

sympathetic trunk

A

course pot to medial arc lig
covered by IVC on R
4 lumbar ganglia, 4-5 sacral
L and R symp trunks fuse inf –> ganglion impar

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15
Q

azygous/hemi

A

pierce crura close to greater splanchnic or thru aortic hiatus
anastamose w/ ascending lumbar veins
course through retrocrural space

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16
Q

subcostal nerves/vessels

A

emerge from behind lateral arcuate ligament

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17
Q

AA branch levels

A

celiac trunk @ T12 (same as aortic hiatus)
SMA @ L1
IMA @ L3
split into common iliac @ L4

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18
Q

unpaired branches of aorta

A

celiac
SMA
IMA
median sacral artery (somatic)

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19
Q

paired branches of aorta

A 
middle adrenal/suprarenal as
renal as (R more slanted - kidney lower)
gonadal as
inf phrenic a (somatic)
lumbar a (somatic)
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20
Q

adrenal gland blood supply

A

suprarenal a
renal a
inferior phrenic a

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21
Q

lumbar a and v length

A

a longer on R

v longer on L

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22
Q

median sacral a

A

comes off aorta @ bifurcation
supplies ant sacrum
gives off lumbar a pair #5

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23
Q

rectum blood supply

A

sup rectal a
mid rectal a
inf rectal a
median sacral a

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24
Q

branches of IVC

A

L/R renal vs
R adrenal v
1-4 lumbar vs
split @ L5 to make common iliac vs (post as)

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25
structures behind IVC
R crus R adrenal gland R renal a
26
renal veins
L: accept L adrenal v and L gonadal R: accept R gonadal
27
ascending lumbar veins
from fusion of 1-4 lumbar veins sup: connect w/ renal vs, azygous and hemiazygous inf: connect w/ common iliac v
28
lymphatic drainage
abdominopelvic drain into thoracic duct | cisterna chyli: 1-3 intestinal trunks + R/L lumbar trunks
29
subcostal nerve
@ T12 | emerge from beneath rib 12 and from lateral arcuate ligament
30
iliohypogastric nerve
@ L1 | cross middle of quadratus lumborum
31
ilioinguinal nerve
@ L1 hug iliac crest emerge through superficial inguinal ring --> ant scrotal/labial n
32
lateral femoral cutaneous
@ L2, L3 cross iliacus muscle emerge post to inguinal lig attach to ASIS
33
femoral nerve
@ L2 - L4 largest nerve btwn psoas major and iliacus
34
genitofemoral nerve
@ L1, L2 over psoas major divide into femoral/genital branches
35
femoral branch
run post to inguinal lig to ant skin of thigh inf to inguinal lig
36
genital branch
go thru deep inguinal ring transverse inguinal canal to ant scrotal/labial skin * cremasteric reflex *secretes CGRP to reg testis descent
37
obturator nerve
@ L2-L4 btwn medial psoas and internal iliac to obturator canal to deep medial thigh (adductor) innervate medial skin of thigh above knee branches innervate pelvic parietal peritoneum
38
lumbosacral trunk
(L4, L5) | contribute to lumbosacral plexus
39
referred pain above pelvic pain line
via symp | dermatomes T11-T12
40
referred pain below pelvic pain line
via para | dermatomoes S2-S4
41
posterior vagal trunk
parasymp | organs supplied by vessels above and including renal arteries
42
pelvic splanchnic nerves
parasymp | organs supplied by vessels below renal arteries
43
celiac ganglia efferent contents
greater splanchnic n (pre symp) post vagal trunk (pre para) post symp fibers
44
sup mesenteric ganglion efferent contents
lesser splanchnic n (pre symp) post vagus fibers (pre para) post symp fibers (SMA - ascending colon, hepatic flexure, trans colon, ileum, jejunum)
45
inf mesenteric ganglion efferent contents
least splanchnic n (pre symp) upper lumbar splanchnic n (pre symp) pelvic splanchnic n (pre para) post symp (IMA - distal 1/3 trans colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, anal)
46
intermesenteric (aka aortic) plexus efferent contents
``` pre symp (T10-L2) pelvic splanchnic nerves (pre para) ```
47
inferior hypogastric plexus efferent contents
lumbar and sacral splanchnic n (pre symp) pelvic splanchnic n (pre para) post symp (internal iliac) post para (perineal genital sys)
48
gonadal plexus efferent contents
``` post symp pelvic splanchnic (pre para) ```
49
innervation of internal urethral sphincter (male)
L2 post symp
50
innervation of detrusor muscle
pre para from pelvic splanchnic nerves
51
referred pain from bladder
``` peritoneal part (upper): via symp to dermatomes T11-L2 subperitoneal (base + trigone) via para to S2-S4 ```
52
GI symp
T6-L2
53
GI referred
T7-T12 celiac: forgut - T7-T9 SMA: midgut T10-T11 IMA: hindgut T12
54
GI para
vagus | pelvic splanchnic
55
renal hilum structures
``` (ant to post) renal v renal a (2 divisions) ureter post segmental a (of renal a) ```
56
renal hilum level
L1
57
things post to kidney
quadratus lumborum + psoas major subcostal n, iliohypogastric n, ilioinguinal n rib 12
58
intrarenal artery sequence
``` renal a divisions segmental lobar interlobar arcuate ```
59
renal artery divisions
2 ant | 1 post
60
Brodel's line
avascular plane due to ant/post segmentation of as | used to access interior kidney lesions w/o bleeding
61
ureters in CT
peristalsis of urine --> constricted segments devoid of contrast are ok
62
ureter blood supply
upper 1/3: renal a med 1/3: branches of aorta + gonadal a low 1/3: branches of common iliac a + vesical a
63
Gerota's fascia
ant lamella of renal fascia
64
Zuckerkandl's fascia
post lamella of renal fascia
65
lateral conal fascia
lateral fusion of gerota + zuck | fuse anterolaterally w/ transversalis
66
Gerota's space
aka perirenal space medial to kidney where renal fascia fuses w/ fascia of great vessels contain: renal v, renal a, ureter, adrenal gland
67
post pararenal space
border: zuck, psoas, lateral conal fascia contain: lumbar n, lumbar vessels
68
post retroperitoneal space
2 post pararenal spaces + vascular space + 2 gerota's
69
ant pararenal space
border: gerota, parietal peritoneum | L continuous w/ R
70
ant retroperitoneal space
L and R ant pararenal space
71
kidney development names
pronephros mesonephros metanephros
72
ureteric bud -->
ureter renal pelvis major/minor calyces collecting tubules/ducts
73
metanephros -->
``` true kidney DCT LOH PCT bowman's capsule + podicytes ```
74
kidney morphogenic movements
medial rotation w/ pelvis facing medial | ascent to upper abdomen @ L1
75
cloaca (endoderm) -->
anorectal and urogenital sinus
76
urogenital sinus parts
``` vesicle part (upper) pelvic part (middle) phallic part (distal) ```
77
urogenital sinus (vesicle part)
will form much of urinary bladder w/ allantois
78
urogenital sinus (pelvic part)
male: prostate gland, prepostatis, prostatic and membranous urethra female: entire urethra, urethral glands, paraurethral (Skene) glands, hymen
79
urogenital sinus (phallic part)
male: bulbous urethra, cowper glands, penile urethra, glands of Littre, glans urethra female: vaginal vestibule, lesser vestibular glands, bartholin gland
80
urinary bladder come from
mostly vesicle part of urogenital sinus | formed by mesoderm lined by endoderm
81
wolffian duct -->
epididymis ductus deferens ejaculatory duct (need CTFR)
82
testicular descent phases
transabdominal | inguinoscrotal
83
prostate dev
bud from urogenital sinus | need DHT
84
water under the bridge (male)
ureter under ductus deferens
85
female gubernaculum -->
proper ovarian lig | round lig of uterus
86
mullerian duct -->
uterine tube
87
vesicouterine pouch
ant cavity btwn bladder and uterus
88
rectouterine pouch
pouch of Douglas | post pouch btwn uterus and rectum

Anatomy (9 decks)

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