GI Abdominal Wall Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
hemidiaphragm levels
A
5th rib cartilage
4th intercostal space
2
Q
penetration @ 9th/10th ribs on left
A
pleural cavity
peritoneal cavity
spleen
3
Q
10th rib vertebra level
A
descends to L3
4
Q
escutcheon
A
pattern of pubic hair (signals sexual maturation/changes in genital size)
5
Q
ovulatory crypsis
A
hidden ovulation
6
Q
thelarche
A
breast development
7
Q
pubarche
A
appearance of axillary and pubic hair
8
Q
menarche time
A
follows thelarche by about 2 years
9
Q
timing of -arches
A
60% of female thelarche is followed by pubarche then menarche about 2 years after
10
Q
lateral folding –>
A
embryonic gut and yolk sac
(both connected by omphalomesenteric (vitelline) duct)
somatopleure
splanchnopleure
intraembryonic/embryonic body cavity/coelom
visceral mesoderm
dorsal mesentery
11
Q
caudal folding –>
A
allantois
12
Q
umbilical cord contains
A
allantois
umbilical vessel (2 arteries, L umbilical vein)
omphalomesenteric duct
13
Q
somatopleure
A
surface ectoderm and parietal layer of lateral plate mesoderm stuck together
14
Q
splanchnopleure
A
embryonic endodermal tube and visceral layer of lateral plate mesoderm
15
Q
intraembryonic/embryonic body cavity/coelom
A
space btwn parietal and visceral mesoderm
lined by parietal/somatic mesoderm
16
Q
partitions of intraembryonic/embryonic body cavity/coelom
A
separated by thoracoabdominal diaphragm
thoracic cavity
peritoneal/abdominopelvic cavity
17
Q
visceral mesoderm
A
covers embryonic duct
18
Q
visceral mesoderm –>
A
visceral peritoneum (mesothelium/serosa) of abdominopelvic viscera visceral pleura coating the lung/myocardium of heart
19
Q
dorsal mesentery
A
two layers of visceral peritoneum w/ intervening CT that suspends organs and provide neurovasculature
20
Q
allantois
A
section of embryonic endoderm out pocketing
21
Q
allantois fxn
A
exchange gases and remoove urinary wastes in developing embyro
22
Q
allantois becomes
A
adult bladder
23
Q
28 days @ cranial end
A
forming stomodeum –> oral cavity
degen oof oropharyngeal membrane –> mouth
24
Q
28 days @ caudal end
A
cloaca divides into anal canal and uroogenital sinus
25
28 days embryonic endoderm
form other endodermal organs
26
embryonic endoderm derivatives
```
epi of resp/GI tract
parenchyma of para/thyroid
reticular stroma thymus/tonsils
tympanic cavity/eustachian tube
bladder/urethra
epi of distal genital system
```
27
epaxial muscles
intrinsic muscles of the back dorsal vertebral axis
28
hypaxial and limb muscles
anterolateral wall muscles ventral to the vertebral axis
29
somatic mesoderm -->
epaxial muscles
hypaxial/limb muscles
epaxial tendons
30
lateral plate mesoderm -->
hypaxial/limb tendons
31
septum transversum
divides intraembryonic body cavity/coelom into cranial cavity and peritoneal cavity
32
septum transversum becomes
most of diaphragm liver sinusoidsventral mesentary of foregut
33
5 weeks of development
2 pleuroperitoneal folds meet septum transversum and mesentary esophaguspericardioperitoneal canals are communication channels btwn cavities
34
7 week development
pleuroperitoneal folds, septum transversum and esophageal mesentary fuseseptum transversum becomes non-muscular central tendon of the diaphragmpleuroperitoneal folds --> muscular portions of dia. domes
35
4 months development
mesoderm from body wall --> reinforcing rim to diaphragm @ T3 - L3R/L crura of diaphragm attach bottom of diaphragm to lower spinal vert
36
inguinal ligament (poupart's ligament) origin and insertion
O: ASISI: pubic tubercle
37
anterior border of retroninguinal space
inguinal ligament (poupart's ligament)
38
inguinal ligament (poupart's ligament) reinforcements
attachment to pectineal line of the pubis via lacunar ligament (gimbernat's ligament) and pectineal ligament (cooper's ligament)
39
retroinguinal space
gap btwn inguinal ligament and pelvic bonetransmits muscles and neurovasculature for the thighs
40
rectus abdominus muscles O/I
O: 5th - 7th costal cart and xiphoid processI: pubic crest and pubic symphysis
41
external oblique (how it runs/interdigitates)
hands in pocket directioninterdigitates w/ serratus anterior and lat dorsi
42
internal oblique (how it runs)
hands on boobs
43
internal oblique (attachments)
lower ribsiliac crestpart of origin from inguinal ligament and attaches to pubic crest
44
internal oblique (reinforces)
weak region of deep inguinal ring
45
conjoint tendon (components)
aponeurosis of internal oblique fused w/ transversus abdominus
46
transversus abdominus attachments
lower ribs and iliac crest
47
thoracolumbar fascia fxn
provides support to muscles of abdominal wall in place of bony cartilage`\
48
thoracolumbar fascia muscle attachments
ab muscles attach posteriorlymost extensive attachment = transversus abdominusNO external oblique attachment
49
linea alba attachments
xiphoid processpubic symphysis
50
muscles of aponeuroses
transversus abdominus external/internal oblique
51
anterior rectus sheath contributions
external/internal obliques
52
linea semilunaris (aka spigelian line)
fusion of aponeuroses at lateral edge of rectus abdominis
53
tendinous intersections
attach to the anterior lamina of the rectus sheath to give partial support
54
intersection levels of tendinous intersections
umbilicus xiphoidhalf way btwn
55
things that make up 6 pack
linea albalinea semilunaris3 tendinous intersections
56
spermatic cord
collection of structures running btwn testis and abdomenincludes ductus deferens
57
round ligament of uterus
female equivalent of spermatic cord
58
inguinal canal
spermatic cord/round ligament course through abdominal walltransversus abd. and internal oblique partially attach to lateral portion of inguinal ligament and arch over region of spermatic/round
59
conjoint tendon (inguinal falx)
aponeuroses of transversus abd. and int oblique fuse medially and form strong attachment to pubic bone and symphysis attach in front and back of rectus abd. to linea alba, pubic symphysis, pubic crest and pectineal line
60
deep inguinal ring
where the spermatic cord pushed through the extraperitoneal fatty layer (start of inguinal canal) then transversalis fascia
61
internal spermatic fascia
coat of transversalis fascia accompanying the spermatic cord (like a SOCK)
62
cremasteric muscle and fascia
coat of the spermatic cord (or round) formed partially by the inner oblique
63
thoracic cavity characteristics
lined by endothoracic fascia parietal pleura adheres to the endothoracic fasciaparietal pleura continuous w/ visceral pleura of lungs @ hilum via pulmonary sleeve/mesopneumonium
64
abdominal layers (superficial to deep)
skinsuperficial fasciaext obliqueint obliquetransversus abdonminis transversalis fasciaproperitoneal fatty layerparietal peritoneum
65
parietal peritoneum
lines peritoneal cavitynot stuck directly to endoabdominopelvic fascia
66
visceral peritoneaum
line gutsbecomes serosal coat of gut
67
mesentery
connects the visceral and parietal pleurasuspend organs in cavity
68
extraperitoneal fatty layer
separate parietal peritoneum from endoabdominopelvic fasciaposteriorly very thick
69
properitoneal fatty layer
anteriorly thin portion of extraperitoneal fatty layer
70
endoabdominopelvic fascia
fascia of abdominopelvic cavity (diff names based on muscle its in contact w/)
71
transversalis fascia
largest stretch for the endoabdominopelvic fascia that covers deep to the transversus abd muscle
72
superficial fascia
layer btwn external oblique and the skin
73
scarpa's fascia
membranous sheet-like layer of superfiscial fasciadeep to camper's
74
camper's fascia
outer fatty layer of superficial fasciacontinuous w/ fat in the rest of body
75
components of superficial fascia
scarpa's fasciacamper's fascia
76
components of rectus sheath
anterior laminaposterior laminalinea albatransversalis fascia
77
anterior lamina
front of rectus abd.formed by apo of ext oblique
78
posterior lamina
behind rectus abd.formed by apo of transversus abd
79
linea alba
fusion of apos of ext oblique, int oblique and transversus abd.
80
arcuate line
~ level of ASIS
81
below arcuate line
all apo of int. oblique pass anterior to rectus abd. no longer a posterior sheath (rectus in contact w/ (thickened) trans fasica)
82
rectus abdominal muscles - blood supply
```
epigastric arteries (sup + inf)
internal thoracic artery
```
83
transpyloric plane
crosses bottom of L1 and tip of 9th costal catilage
| passes thru upper coordinates of gallbladder
84
subcostal plane
lowest point of costal margin (10th rib) @ midax line
~ L3
(where inf. mesenteric artery comes off aorta)
85
supracristal plane
aka Touffer's line
top of ilaic crests (L4)
where ab aorta bifurcates
86
intertubercular plane
thru iliac tubercles and L5
| level of IVC bifurcation
87
McBurney's point
1/3 way along line from right ASIS to umbilicus
| overlies cecum/appendix
88
hepatic portal vein branches into
sup mesenteric vein and splenic vein (L1)
89
midinguinal point
midway btwn ASIS and pubic tubercle along course of inguinal ligament
