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Anatomy > Skull Organization > Flashcards

Skull Organization Flashcards

1
Q

brain case aka

A

calvaria

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2
Q

name of separations in baby skulls

A 
fontannelles
ant
post
mastoidal
sphenoidal
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3
Q

3 way sutures

A

pterion (parietal, temporal, sphenoid)

asterion (parietal, occipital, temporal)

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4
Q

pterion clinical significance

A

weak point in skull
MMA runs right underneath
lat skull fracture –> intracranial bleed (epidural hematoma)

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5
Q

MMA supplies (outside brain)

A

skull

dura

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6
Q

epidural hematoma aka

A

extradural hematoma

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7
Q

epidural hematoma description

A 
blood btwn dura and skull
puts pressure on cortex
biconvex shape
cannot cross suture line
not limited by dural septum (can cross midline @ falx cerebri)
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8
Q

foramen of face (+nerves)

A

supraorbital (supraorbital n of V1)
infraorbital (infraorbital n of V2)
mental (mental n of V3)

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9
Q

inferior orbital fissure (+nerves)

A

continuous w/ infraorbital foramen

infraorbital n goes through inferior orbital to infraorbital foramen

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10
Q

holes in orbit

A

optic canal
superior orbital
inferior orbital

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11
Q

cutaneous innervation of head/neck

A

trigeminal (V)

divisions: opthalamic, maxillary, mandibular

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12
Q

innervation of muscles of facial expression

A

facial (VII)

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13
Q

terminal branches of V1 (opthalamic)

A

nasociliary
frontal
lacrimal

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14
Q

terminal branches of V2 (maxillary)

A

zygomatic
infraorbital
p

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15
Q

terminal branches of V3 (mandibular)

A

buccal
auricolotemporal
inferior alveolar
lingual

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16
Q

nerves thru cribiform plate

A

olfactory bulbs (I)

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17
Q

olfactory bulb structure

A

series of neurons w/ processes going through cribiform to synapse on receptors
covered in meninges
unmyelinated

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18
Q

cribiform/olfactory clinicals

A

ant skull fracture may break cribiform plate
–> less/loss of smell (dysosmia, anosmia)
meninges may tear (open subarachnoid space) –> CSF rhinorrhea (clear and sticky)

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19
Q

olfactory bulb repair

A

can regenerate - unmyelinated

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20
Q

superior optic fissure contains

A 
III
IV
V1
VI
superior opthalamic vein
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21
Q

danger to superior optic fissure nerves

A

have to traverse cavernous sinus

22
Q

nerves in foramen rotundum

A

V2

23
Q

optic canal contents

A

II

opthalamic artery

24
Q

hypophyseal fossa

A

contain pituitary

contents drain to cavernous sinus

25
Q

foramen ovale contains

A

V3
lessor petrosal of IX
accessory meningeal a

26
Q

foramen spinosum contains

A

part of V3

middle meningeal a

27
Q

foramen lacerum structure

A

covered in cartilage

28
Q

things that cross the foramen lacerum

A

internal carotid

greater petrosal n of VII

29
Q

hiatuses in skull

A

hiatus of facial canal (greater petrosal n)

hiatus of lesser petrosal n (lesser)

30
Q

sinus drainage

A

all sinuses drain into internal jugular vein

all sinuses merge after exiting jugular foramen

31
Q

dural venous sinus location

A

btwn periostea and meningeal dura

32
Q

dural venous sinus qualities

A

lined by endo
no valves
no SM

33
Q

emissary veins

A

veins that connect veins outside skull w/ diploic and intracranial venous compartments (sinuses)

34
Q

clinicals of emissary veins

A

infection of scalp may enter emissary veins and spread to dural venous sinuses
–> dural venous sinus thrombosis

35
Q

clinicals of dural venous sinuses

A

as cerebral veins enter sinuses they can tear
–> intracranial venous bleed
(subdural hematoma)

36
Q

subdural hematoma qualities

A

btwn dura and arachnoid
convexoconcave shape
not limited by suture lines
usually limited by dura septa - doesnt cross midline

37
Q

clincal diff btwn subdural and epidural hematomas

A

subdural is more extensive aand w/o boundaries so the source is harder to find

38
Q

danger triangle of face

A

infections of middle face and severe infections of pharynx –> branches of facial vein connect to sup/inf opthalamic veins
sup/inf opthalamic veins are emmisssary veins of cavernous sinus
–> cavernous sinus thrombosis
–> may affect ns going through it (III, IV, V1, V2, VI)

39
Q

structures that traverse cavernous sinus

A 
III
IV
VI
V1
V2
40
Q

first n affected in cavernous sinus

A

VI - weakness in eye abduction

41
Q

carotid artery path into skull

A

through carotid canal
cross width of foramen lacerum
through cavernous sinus

42
Q

internal auditory meatus contains

A

VII

VIII (stay in temporal bone)

43
Q

jugular foramen contains

A

IX
X
XI
+ 2 dural venous sinuses

44
Q

hypoglossal canal contains

A

XII

45
Q

sylomastoid foramen

A

VII

46
Q

path into internal auditory meatus

A

VIII goes in and does cochlea/vestibulo things

VII goes in and exits via stylomastoid foramen

47
Q

stylomastoid foramen contains

A

VII

48
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage causes

A

cerebral aneurysms burst

49
Q

cerebral aneurysm locations

A

85% anterior circulation (usually ACA, internal carotid or MCA)
15% posterior circulation (usually basilar)

50
Q

leaking berry aneurysm sx

A

blood in CSF

51
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage sx

A

severe headache

feeling of cold

Anatomy (9 decks)

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