block b lecture 1

Question 1

the sympathetic nervous system is a ‘what’ type of system

Answer 1

emergency

Question 2

what division does the fight or flight reaction belong to

Answer 2

sympathetic

Question 3

in what conditions, actions of the parasympathetic system predominate

Answer 3

non stressful

Question 4

what effects predominate during the in between times of rest and repair

Answer 4

parasympathetic

Question 5

3 things that the parasympathetic system do in the body

Answer 5

slows the heartbeat
promotes digestion
gland secretion

Question 6

what are the most common receptors of the ANS

Answer 6

G-protein coupled receptors

Question 7

what do nicotinic ion channel receptors mediate

Answer 7

mediate the action of released transmitters

Question 8

4 major types of intracellular signalling

Answer 8

-ligand gated ion channels
-G protein coupled receptors
-kinase linked receptors
-nuclear receptors

Question 9

what does the binding of an agonist to the receptor cause (ligand gated ion channels)

Answer 9

caused depolarisation

Question 10

what does the binding of a ligand to G protein-coupled receptors cause

Answer 10

the formation of second messengers
promoting activation of protein kinases

Question 11

what does the binding of a ligand to kinase linked receptors cause

Answer 11

activates a kinase which is part of the receptor
these kinases phosphorylates proteins on tyrosine residues to activate them
causing cascade

Question 12

what does the binding of a ligand to nuclear receptors result in

Answer 12

formation of a complex that moves to the nucleus and functions as a transcription factor to turn on or off genes

Question 13

names of two ANS receptors

Answer 13

acetylcholine and noreadrenaline

Question 14

second messengers link the receptor to functional outcomes important to what receptors in the heart

Answer 14

ANS-beta 1

Question 15

beta 2 receptors cause relaxation of airway vessels via what

Answer 15

cAMP

Question 16

alpha 1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle cause what

Answer 16

contraction

Question 17

2 types of a-adrenoceptors

Answer 17

a1
a2

Question 18

what are a1 at sympathetic neuroeffector synapses

Answer 18

postsynaptic

Question 19

what are a2 at sympathetic neuroeffector synapses

Answer 19

presynaptic

Question 20

2 types of b-adrenoceptors

Answer 20

b1
b2

Question 21

where do b1 work

Answer 21

heart ,intestinal smooth muscle

Question 22

where do b2 work

Answer 22

bronchial, vascular and uterine smooth muscle

Question 23

2 types of acetylcholine receptors

Answer 23

nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 24

where are nictotinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer 24

in sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglie

Question 25

where are muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer 25

parasympathetic neuroeffector synpases

Question 26

what are sympathomimetics

Answer 26

drugs that mimic noradrenaline and adrenaline

Question 27

what do b2 agonists cause and used for

Answer 27

bronchial dilation used to treat asthma

Question 28

what are b1 agonists sometimes used to stimulate

Answer 28

force of heart contraction

Question 29

what are a1 agonists used to treat

Answer 29

blocked nose/sinus

Question 30

what are a2 agonists centrally acting

Answer 30

hypotensive drugs

Question 31

what type of agonist is salbutamol

Answer 31

partial agonist

Question 32

drug name of a-adrenoreceptor antagonist

Answer 32

prazosin

Question 33

what do a1-adrenoreceptor blockers reduce

Answer 33

arteriolar and venous tone

Question 34

drug name of b-adrenoreceptor antagonist

Answer 34

atenolol

Question 35

what do b1-adrenoceptor reduce

Answer 35

rate and force of contraction of heart with less effect on blood vessles and bronchioles