Blood

Question 1

Blood is classified as…

Answer 1

Liquid connective tissue made up of cells and matrix.

Question 2

What are the functions of blood?

Answer 2

Transportation (oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nutrients, waste, hormones, heat and glucose), Protection (clot, immune defence, inflammation), Fluid regulation (pH, temperature and hormones).

Question 3

The features of blood…

Answer 3

Viscosity and Osmolarity.

Question 4

Amount of blood in the body.

Answer 4

4 - 6 litres.

Question 5

The contents of plasma.

Answer 5

90% Sodium. Albumin produced by liver effects flow, pressure and fluid balance. Fibrinogen/Clot Factor produced by liver. Globulin produced by plasma cells aids immunity.

Question 6

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 6

Disc cells with a thick rim, no nucleus/organelles, have a 120 day life span, contain haemoglobin.

Question 7

Haemoglobin contents.

Answer 7

4 oxygen per 1 Haemoglobin. Higher affinity as a child.

Question 8

Types of granulated Leukocytes.

Answer 8

Neutrophil = 60-70%, increase with bacteria during infection and phagocytis.
Eosinophil = 2-4%, increase with parasitic infection and allergic response.
Basophil = 1%, increase during chicken pox, sinusitis and diabetes.

Question 9

Types of agranulated Leukocytes.

Answer 9

Lymphocytes = 33%, increase with infection and destroy foreign cells.
Monocytes = 3-8%, tissue macrophages.

Question 10

What do platelets do?

Answer 10

Secrete clot factors, assist with endothelial repair and vasoconstriction of broken blood vessels, dissolve old clots and attract wbc to site of inflammation to phagocytise bacteria.

Question 11

What is haemopoiesis?

Answer 11

Blood cell production

Question 12

Erythrocyte production is stimulated by…

Answer 12

Erythropoietin in red bone marrow, 3-5 days development.

Question 13

What is a reticulocyte?

Answer 13

A young red blood cell.