Blood Flashcards
What colour is arterial blood (relative oxygenation)?
arterial blood: bright red
What colour is venous blood (relative oxygenation)?
venous blood: dark red
How many litres of blood are there in the average adult?
5 – 6 litres in an adult
List the basic constituents of blood:
55% fluid: plasma
45% solids: blood cells (corpuscles)
List the components of blood plasma
water = 90%+ of volume salts hormones proteins enzymes antibodies antitoxins food substances: products of digestion waste products gases
Name the different types of blood corpuscles:
erythrocytes (red blood cells)
leucocytes (white blood cells)
platelets
What is the function of erthrocytes?
carry oxygen to the body cells
What is the function of leucocytes?
destroy disease causing micro-organisms, ingest bacteria and dead matter
What is the function of platelets ? role in clotting
Play a role in clotting
List the functions of blood:
Transportation
Regulation of body temperature
Prevents fluid loss through its clotting mechanism
What are thrombocytes?
Small non-nucleated discs/fragments in the blood that are involved in the clotting process
What is pulse rate?
Wave of pressure passing along the arteries, indicating the pumping action of the heart. Can be felt where an artery is close to the surface of the body and can be pressed against a bone.
What is a normal pulse rate?
Normal pulse rate in an adult is 60–80 beats per minute.
Blood containing less oxygen enters which chamber of the heart?
a. Left ventricle
b. Right atrium
c. Right ventricle
d. Left atrium
b. Right atrium
Changes in blood volume to certain areas, according to the physical needs of the body, is known as:
a. Osmosis
b. Capillary exchange
c. Blood shunting
d. Vasodilation
c. Blood shunting
